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WeakReference与SoftReference

时间:2014-03-27 09:03:38      阅读:481      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

WeakReference与SoftReference都可以用来保存对象的实例引用,这两个类与垃圾回收有关。

WeakReference是弱引用,其中保存的对象实例可以被GC回收掉。这个类通常用于在某处保存对象引用,而又不干扰该对象被GC回收,通常用于Debug、内存监视工具等程序中。因为这类程序一般要求即要观察到对象,又不能影响该对象正常的GC过程。

最近在JDK的Proxy类的实现代码中也发现了Weakrefrence的应用,Proxy会把动态生成的Class实例暂存于一个由Weakrefrence构成的Map中作为Cache。

SoftReference是强引用,它保存的对象实例,除非 JVM即将OutOfMemory,否则不会被GC回收。这个特性使得它特别适合设计对象Cache。对于Cache,我们希望被缓存的对象最好始终常驻内存,但是如果JVM内存吃紧,为了不发生OutOfMemoryError导致系统崩溃,必要的时候也允许JVM回收Cache的内存,待后续合适的时机再把数据重新Load到Cache中。这样可以系统设计得更具弹性。

WeakReference的一个测试程序:

Java代码

  1. import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;  
  2. public class WeakReferenceTest {  
  3. /**
  4.      * @param args
  5.      */
  6. public static void main(String[] args) {  
  7.         A a = new A();  
  8.         a.str = "Hello, reference";  
  9.         WeakReference<A> weak = new WeakReference<A>(a);  
  10.         a = null;  
  11. int i = 0;  
  12. while (weak.get() != null) {  
  13.             System.out.println(String.format("Get str from object of WeakReference: %s, count: %d", weak.get().str, ++i));  
  14. if (i % 10 == 0) {  
  15.                 System.gc();  
  16.                 System.out.println("System.gc() was invoked!");  
  17.             }  
  18. try {  
  19.                 Thread.sleep(500);  
  20.             } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
  21.             }  
  22.         }  
  23.         System.out.println("object a was cleared by JVM!");  
  24.     }  

Java代码 

  1. import java.lang.ref.WeakReference; 
  2. public class WeakReferenceTest { 
  3. /**
  4.      * @param args
  5.      */
  6. public static void main(String[] args) { 
  7.         A a = new A(); 
  8.         a.str = "Hello, reference"; 
  9.         WeakReference<A> weak = new WeakReference<A>(a); 
  10.         a = null; 
  11. int i = 0; 
  12. while (weak.get() != null) { 
  13.             System.out.println(String.format("Get str from object of WeakReference: %s, count: %d", weak.get().str, ++i)); 
  14. if (i % 10 == 0) { 
  15.                 System.gc(); 
  16.                 System.out.println("System.gc() was invoked!"); 
  17.             } 
  18. try { 
  19.                 Thread.sleep(500); 
  20.             } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
  21.             } 
  22.         } 
  23.         System.out.println("object a was cleared by JVM!"); 
  24.     } 

程序运行结果:

Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 1

  1. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 2
  2. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 3
  3. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 4
  4. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 5
  5. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 6
  6. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 7
  7. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 8
  8. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 9
  9. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 10
  10. System.gc() was invoked!  
  11. object a was cleared by JVM! 

Java代码 

  1. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 1
  2. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 2
  3. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 3
  4. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 4
  5. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 5
  6. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 6
  7. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 7
  8. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 8
  9. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 9
  10. Get str from object of WeakReference: Hello, reference, count: 10
  11. System.gc() was invoked! 
  12. object a was cleared by JVM! 

SoftReference的一个测试程序:

Java代码

  1. import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;  
  2. public class SoftReferenceTest {  
  3. /**
  4.      * @param args
  5.      */
  6. public static void main(String[] args) {  
  7.         A a = new A();  
  8.         a.str = "Hello, reference";  
  9.         SoftReference<A> sr = new SoftReference<A>(a);  
  10.         a = null;  
  11. int i = 0;  
  12. while (sr.get() != null) {  
  13.             System.out.println(String.format("Get str from object of SoftReference: %s, count: %d", sr.get().str, ++i));  
  14. if (i % 10 == 0) {  
  15.                 System.gc();  
  16.                 System.out.println("System.gc() was invoked!");  
  17.             }  
  18. try {  
  19.                 Thread.sleep(500);  
  20.             } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
  21.             }  
  22.         }  
  23.         System.out.println("object a was cleared by JVM!");  
  24.     }  

Java代码 

  1. import java.lang.ref.SoftReference; 
  2. public class SoftReferenceTest { 
  3. /**
  4.      * @param args
  5.      */
  6. public static void main(String[] args) { 
  7.         A a = new A(); 
  8.         a.str = "Hello, reference"; 
  9.         SoftReference<A> sr = new SoftReference<A>(a); 
  10.         a = null; 
  11. int i = 0; 
  12. while (sr.get() != null) { 
  13.             System.out.println(String.format("Get str from object of SoftReference: %s, count: %d", sr.get().str, ++i)); 
  14. if (i % 10 == 0) { 
  15.                 System.gc(); 
  16.                 System.out.println("System.gc() was invoked!"); 
  17.             } 
  18. try { 
  19.                 Thread.sleep(500); 
  20.             } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
  21.             } 
  22.         } 
  23.         System.out.println("object a was cleared by JVM!"); 
  24.     } 

程序运行结果:

Java代码

  1. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 1
  2. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 2
  3. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 3
  4. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 4
  5. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 5
  6. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 6
  7. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 7
  8. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 8
  9. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 9
  10. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 10
  11. System.gc() was invoked!  
  12. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 11
  13. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 12
  14. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 13
  15. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 14
  16. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 15
  17. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 16
  18. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 17
  19. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 18
  20. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 19
  21. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 20
  22. System.gc() was invoked!  
  23. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 21
  24. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 22
  25. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 23
  26. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 24
  27. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 25
  28. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 26
  29. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 27
  30. Get str from object of SoftReference: Hello, reference, count: 28

自己的标注 写道

上面的打印结果会一直持续下去。 因为soft.get()一直不会为空
SoftReference 比WeakReference生命力更强,当JVM的内存不吃紧时,即使引用的对象被置为空了,Soft还可以保留对该对象的引用,此时的JVM内存池实际上还保有原来对象,只有当内存吃紧的情况下JVM才会清除Soft的引用对象,并且会在未来重新加载该引用的对象。
而WeakReference则当清理内存池时会自动清理掉引用的对象。

WeakReference与SoftReference,布布扣,bubuko.com

WeakReference与SoftReference

原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/lbnnbs/p/3626045.html

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