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基于jQuery的AJAX和JSON的实例

时间:2014-03-22 12:35:00      阅读:623      评论:0      收藏:0      [点我收藏+]

通过jQuery内置的AJAX功能,直接访问后台获得JSON格式的数据,然后通过jQuer把数据绑定到事先设计好的html模板上,直接在页面上显示。

我们先来看一下html模板:
bubuko.com,布布扣            <table id="datas" border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse">
bubuko.com,布布扣                
<tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        订单ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        客户ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        雇员ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        订购日期
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        发货日期
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主名称
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主地址
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主城市
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        更多信息
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
</tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
<tr id="template">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="OrderID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="CustomerID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="EmployeeID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="OrderDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedName">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedAddress">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedCity">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="more">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
</tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣            
</table>
bubuko.com,布布扣

   

    一定要注意的就是里面所有的id属性,这个是一个关键。再来看一下AJAX请求和绑定数据的代码

bubuko.com,布布扣        $.ajax({
bubuko.com,布布扣            type: 
"get",//使用get方法访问后台
bubuko.com,布布扣
            dataType: "json",//返回json格式的数据
bubuko.com,布布扣
            url: "BackHandler.ashx",//要访问的后台地址
bubuko.com,布布扣
            data: "pageIndex=" + pageIndex,//要发送的数据
bubuko.com,布布扣
            complete :function(){$("#load").hide();},//AJAX请求完成时隐藏loading提示
bubuko.com,布布扣
            success: function(msg){//msg为返回的数据,在这里做数据绑定
bubuko.com,布布扣
                var data = msg.table;
bubuko.com,布布扣                $.each(data, 
function(i, n){
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
var row = $("#template").clone();
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#OrderID").text(n.订单ID);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#CustomerID").text(n.客户ID);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#EmployeeID").text(n.雇员ID);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#OrderDate").text(ChangeDate(n.订购日期));
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
if(n.发货日期!== undefined) row.find("#ShippedDate").text(ChangeDate(n.发货日期));
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#ShippedName").text(n.货主名称);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#ShippedAddress").text(n.货主地址);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#ShippedCity").text(n.货主城市);
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.find(
"#more").html("<a href=OrderInfo.aspx?id=" + n.订单ID + "&pageindex="+pageIndex+">&nbsp;More</a>");                    
bubuko.com,布布扣                    row.attr(
"id","ready");//改变绑定好数据的行的id
bubuko.com,布布扣
                    row.appendTo("#datas");//添加到模板的容器中
bubuko.com,布布扣
                }
);
bubuko.com,布布扣

    这个是jQuery的AJAX方法,返回数据并不复杂,主要说明一下怎么把数据按模板的定义显示到到页面上。首先是这个“var row = $("#template").clone();”先把模板复制一份,接下来row.find("#OrderID").text(n.订单ID);,表示找到id=OrderID的标记,设置它的innerText为相应的数据,当然也可以设置为html格式的数据。或者是通过外部的函数把数据转换成需要的格式,比如这里row.find("#OrderDate").text(ChangeDate(n.订购日期));有点服务器控件做模板绑定数据的感觉。
     所有的这些,都是放在一个静态的页面里,只通过AJAX方法从后台获取数据,所有html代码如下:
bubuko.com,布布扣<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
bubuko.com,布布扣
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
bubuko.com,布布扣
<head>
bubuko.com,布布扣    
<title>test1</title>
bubuko.com,布布扣
bubuko.com,布布扣    
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-latest.pack.js"></script>
bubuko.com,布布扣
bubuko.com,布布扣    
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="js/PageDate.js"></script>
bubuko.com,布布扣
bubuko.com,布布扣
</head>
bubuko.com,布布扣
<body>
bubuko.com,布布扣    
<div>
bubuko.com,布布扣        
&nbsp;<div>
bubuko.com,布布扣            
<br />
bubuko.com,布布扣            
<input id="first" type="button" value="  <<  " /><input id="previous" type="button"
bubuko.com,布布扣                value
="  <  " /><input id="next" type="button" value="  >  " /><input id="last" type="button"
bubuko.com,布布扣                    value
="  >>  " />
bubuko.com,布布扣            
&nbsp;<span id="pageinfo"></span>
bubuko.com,布布扣            
<table id="datas" border="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse">
bubuko.com,布布扣                
<tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        订单ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        客户ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        雇员ID
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        订购日期
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        发货日期
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主名称
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主地址
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        货主城市
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                        更多信息
</th>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
</tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
<tr id="template">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="OrderID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="CustomerID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="EmployeeID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="OrderDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedName">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedAddress">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="ShippedCity">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<td id="more">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</td>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
</tr>
bubuko.com,布布扣            
</table>
bubuko.com,布布扣        
</div>
bubuko.com,布布扣        
<div id="load" style="left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; background-color: red">
bubuko.com,布布扣            LOADING....
bubuko.com,布布扣        
</div>
bubuko.com,布布扣        
<input type="hidden" id="pagecount" />
bubuko.com,布布扣    
</div>
bubuko.com,布布扣
</body>
bubuko.com,布布扣
</html>
bubuko.com,布布扣

    PageData.js就是包括上面AJAX请求和绑定数据代码的js,整个页面连form都不用,这样做有什么好处呢。再看下面一个模板
bubuko.com,布布扣            <ul id="datas">
bubuko.com,布布扣                
<li id="template">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="OrderID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                        fsdfasdf
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="CustomerID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="EmployeeID">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="OrderDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="ShippedDate">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="ShippedName">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="ShippedAddress">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="ShippedCity">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
<span id="more">
bubuko.com,布布扣                    
</span>
bubuko.com,布布扣                
</li>
bubuko.com,布布扣            
</ul>
bubuko.com,布布扣

    还 是要注意id属性。大家看到这里应该明白了,不管用什么样的表现形式,只要id属性相同,就可以把数据绑定到对应的位置。这样的话,我们这些做程序的就不 会因为美工的修改而修改代码了,而且美工也只要做出html就可以了,不需要为服务器控件做模板(不过我还没遇到过这样的美工,都是美工设计好了我来改成 服务器控件的模板)。

    

再简单说一下AJAX请求的后台,用的是Access的Northwind数据库,把订单表放到DataTable里,然后通过DataTable2JSON转化成JSON数据格式传回来就完了,不过后台用了一些分页和缓存的方法,希望对初学者有一些帮助。

基于jQuery的AJAX和JSON的实例,布布扣,bubuko.com

基于jQuery的AJAX和JSON的实例

原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/huidaoli/p/3617210.html

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