ActionBar

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
    <item android:id="@+id/action_search"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_action_search"
          android:title="@string/action_search"/>
    <item android:id="@+id/action_compose"
          android:icon="@drawable/ic_action_compose"
          android:title="@string/action_compose" />
</menu>

item有3种show的方式：always，if room，never
2、在活动中使用onCreateOptionsMenu()方法，可添加配置action view

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
 getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
//添加
 MenuItem locationItem = menu.add(0, R.id.menu_location, 0, R.string.menu_location);
 locationItem.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_action_location);
 MenuItemCompat.setShowAsAction(locationItem, MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM)

//配置
 MenuItem searchItem = menu.findItem(R.id.action_search);
 SearchView searchView = (SearchView) MenuItemCompat.getActionView(searchItem);
 return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}

3、处理点击动作项目事件

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Handle presses on the action bar items
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.action_search:
            openSearch();
            return true;
        case R.id.action_compose:
            composeMessage();
            return true;
        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}