最大流

定义

我们有一张图，要求从源点流向汇点的最大流量（可以有很多条路到达汇点），就是我们的最大流问题。

EK算法

#define maxn 250
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f

struct Edge {
  int from, to, cap, flow;
  Edge(int u, int v, int c, int f) : from(u), to(v), cap(c), flow(f) {}
};

struct EK {
  int n, m;             // n：点数，m：边数
  vector<Edge> edges;   // edges：所有边的集合
  vector<int> G[maxn];  // G：点 x -> x 的所有边在 edges 中的下标
  int a[maxn], p[maxn];  // a：点 x -> BFS 过程中最近接近点 x 的边给它的最大流
                         // p：点 x -> BFS 过程中最近接近点 x 的边

  void init(int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) G[i].clear();
    edges.clear();
  }

  void AddEdge(int from, int to, int cap) {
    edges.push_back(Edge(from, to, cap, 0));
    edges.push_back(Edge(to, from, 0, 0));
    m = edges.size();
    G[from].push_back(m - 2);
    G[to].push_back(m - 1);
  }

  int Maxflow(int s, int t) {
    int flow = 0;
    for (;;) {
      memset(a, 0, sizeof(a));
      queue<int> Q;
      Q.push(s);
      a[s] = INF;
      while (!Q.empty()) {
        int x = Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        for (int i = 0; i < G[x].size(); i++) {  // 遍历以 x 作为起点的边
          Edge& e = edges[G[x][i]];
          if (!a[e.to] && e.cap > e.flow) {
            p[e.to] = G[x][i];  // G[x][i] 是最近接近点 e.to 的边
            a[e.to] =
                min(a[x], e.cap - e.flow);  // 最近接近点 e.to 的边赋给它的流
            Q.push(e.to);
          }
        }
        if (a[t]) break;  // 如果汇点接受到了流，就退出 BFS
      }
      if (!a[t])
        break;  // 如果汇点没有接受到流，说明源点和汇点不在同一个连通分量上
      for (int u = t; u != s;
           u = edges[p[u]].from) {  // 通过 u 追寻 BFS 过程中 s -> t 的路径
        edges[p[u]].flow += a[t];      // 增加路径上边的 flow 值
        edges[p[u] ^ 1].flow -= a[t];  // 减小反向路径的 flow 值
      }
      flow += a[t];
    }
    return flow;
  }
};

Dinic算法

#define maxn 250
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f

struct Edge {
  int from, to, cap, flow;
  Edge(int u, int v, int c, int f) : from(u), to(v), cap(c), flow(f) {}
};

struct Dinic {
  int n, m, s, t;
  vector<Edge> edges;
  vector<int> G[maxn];
  int d[maxn], cur[maxn];
  bool vis[maxn];

  void init(int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) G[i].clear();
    edges.clear();
  }

  void AddEdge(int from, int to, int cap) {
    edges.push_back(Edge(from, to, cap, 0));
    edges.push_back(Edge(to, from, 0, 0));
    m = edges.size();
    G[from].push_back(m - 2);
    G[to].push_back(m - 1);
  }

  bool BFS() {
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
    queue<int> Q;
    Q.push(s);
    d[s] = 0;
    vis[s] = 1;
    while (!Q.empty()) {
      int x = Q.front();
      Q.pop();
      for (int i = 0; i < G[x].size(); i++) {
        Edge& e = edges[G[x][i]];
        if (!vis[e.to] && e.cap > e.flow) {
          vis[e.to] = 1;
          d[e.to] = d[x] + 1;
          Q.push(e.to);
        }
      }
    }
    return vis[t];
  }

  int DFS(int x, int a) {
    if (x == t || a == 0) return a;
    int flow = 0, f;
    for (int& i = cur[x]; i < G[x].size(); i++) {
      Edge& e = edges[G[x][i]];
      if (d[x] + 1 == d[e.to] && (f = DFS(e.to, min(a, e.cap - e.flow))) > 0) {
        e.flow += f;
        edges[G[x][i] ^ 1].flow -= f;
        flow += f;
        a -= f;
        if (a == 0) break;
      }
    }
    return flow;
  }

  int Maxflow(int s, int t) {
    this->s = s;
    this->t = t;
    int flow = 0;
    while (BFS()) {
      memset(cur, 0, sizeof(cur));
      flow += DFS(s, INF);
    }
    return flow;
  }
};

ISPA

struct Edge {
  int from, to, cap, flow;
  Edge(int u, int v, int c, int f) : from(u), to(v), cap(c), flow(f) {}
};

bool operator<(const Edge& a, const Edge& b) {
  return a.from < b.from || (a.from == b.from && a.to < b.to);
}

struct ISAP {
  int n, m, s, t;
  vector<Edge> edges;
  vector<int> G[maxn];
  bool vis[maxn];
  int d[maxn];
  int cur[maxn];
  int p[maxn];
  int num[maxn];

  void AddEdge(int from, int to, int cap) {
    edges.push_back(Edge(from, to, cap, 0));
    edges.push_back(Edge(to, from, 0, 0));
    m = edges.size();
    G[from].push_back(m - 2);
    G[to].push_back(m - 1);
  }

  bool BFS() {
    memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
    queue<int> Q;
    Q.push(t);
    vis[t] = 1;
    d[t] = 0;
    while (!Q.empty()) {
      int x = Q.front();
      Q.pop();
      for (int i = 0; i < G[x].size(); i++) {
        Edge& e = edges[G[x][i] ^ 1];
        if (!vis[e.from] && e.cap > e.flow) {
          vis[e.from] = 1;
          d[e.from] = d[x] + 1;
          Q.push(e.from);
        }
      }
    }
    return vis[s];
  }

  void init(int n) {
    this->n = n;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) G[i].clear();
    edges.clear();
  }

  int Augment() {
    int x = t, a = INF;
    while (x != s) {
      Edge& e = edges[p[x]];
      a = min(a, e.cap - e.flow);
      x = edges[p[x]].from;
    }
    x = t;
    while (x != s) {
      edges[p[x]].flow += a;
      edges[p[x] ^ 1].flow -= a;
      x = edges[p[x]].from;
    }
    return a;
  }

  int Maxflow(int s, int t) {
    this->s = s;
    this->t = t;
    int flow = 0;
    BFS();
    memset(num, 0, sizeof(num));
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) num[d[i]]++;
    int x = s;
    memset(cur, 0, sizeof(cur));
    while (d[s] < n) {
      if (x == t) {
        flow += Augment();
        x = s;
      }
      int ok = 0;
      for (int i = cur[x]; i < G[x].size(); i++) {
        Edge& e = edges[G[x][i]];
        if (e.cap > e.flow && d[x] == d[e.to] + 1) {
          ok = 1;
          p[e.to] = G[x][i];
          cur[x] = i;
          x = e.to;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (!ok) {
        int m = n - 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < G[x].size(); i++) {
          Edge& e = edges[G[x][i]];
          if (e.cap > e.flow) m = min(m, d[e.to]);
        }
        if (--num[d[x]] == 0) break;
        num[d[x] = m + 1]++;
        cur[x] = 0;
        if (x != s) x = edges[p[x]].from;
      }
    }
    return flow;
  }
};

算法学习(23)：最大流

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoxingaa/p/14794908.html