Git 的安装使用

1、官网安装 https://git-scm.com/downloads

2、创建本地版本库

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 ~
$ pwd
/c/Users/Administrator

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 ~
$ cd d:

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ pwd
/d

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ mkdir git_repository

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ cd git_repository

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/git_repository
$ pwd
/d/git_repository

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/git_repository
$ cd ..

3、设置登录用户与邮箱

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ git config --global user.name xxx

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ git config --global user.email xxx@139.com

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d
$ cd TestSoftware/

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware
$ cd git_repository/

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository
$ pwd
/d/TestSoftware/git_repository

4、初始化版本库

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository
$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in D:/TestSoftware/git_repository/.git/

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ pwd
/d/TestSoftware/git_repository

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ ls -ah
./  ../  .git/

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ pwd
/d/TestSoftware/git_repository

5、在版本库文件夹内创建readme.txt，并提交

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git add readme.txt
fatal: pathspec ‘readme.txt‘ did not match any files 

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git add readme.txt

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git commit -m "wrote a readme file2"
[master f94d02b] wrote a readme file2
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

6、更新多次文件内容

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git add readme.txt

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git commit -m "append GPL"
[master 195f5c9] append GPL
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git add readme.txt

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git commit -m "append friend"
[master 77f50d5] append friend
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git log
commit 77f50d59e515a5b64e57f5fb66a7be9cf5bc1c93 (HEAD -> master)
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:36:37 2021 +0800

    append friend

commit 195f5c95037a8259a5e1e2dea6f031d8418672be
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:35:07 2021 +0800

    append GPL

commit f94d02b835bcc03025b1978fa62f8795d4d1e1a0
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:33:27 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file2

commit 9ae196987e826988ddc7ac65b3dc55cf3134644b
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:32:05 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file

7、回退版本和恢复版本

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git log --pretty=oneline
77f50d59e515a5b64e57f5fb66a7be9cf5bc1c93 (HEAD -> master) append friend
195f5c95037a8259a5e1e2dea6f031d8418672be append GPL
f94d02b835bcc03025b1978fa62f8795d4d1e1a0 wrote a readme file2
9ae196987e826988ddc7ac65b3dc55cf3134644b wrote a readme file

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git reset --hard HEAD^
HEAD is now at 195f5c9 append GPL

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git log
commit 195f5c95037a8259a5e1e2dea6f031d8418672be (HEAD -> master)
Author: xxx <xxx.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:35:07 2021 +0800

    append GPL

commit f94d02b835bcc03025b1978fa62f8795d4d1e1a0
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:33:27 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file2

commit 9ae196987e826988ddc7ac65b3dc55cf3134644b
Author: xxx <xxx@139.com>
Date:   Tue Jan 26 10:32:05 2021 +0800

    wrote a readme file

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ git reset --hard 77f5
HEAD is now at 77f50d5 append friend

Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$ cat readme.txt
111
2222
3333
Git is a distributed version control system.
Git is free software distributed under the GPL.

Git is a friend
Administrator@ThinkPadX1-Youga MINGW64 /d/TestSoftware/git_repository (master)
$

Git 的安装使用

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/c-jw/p/14329232.html