在线教育平台 (一)

时间：2020-05-31 10:01:41 阅读：52 评论：0 收藏：0 [点我收藏+]

一.环境搭建

1.1 安装xadmin及相关依赖

①.下载

pip install pillow                                # 图片处理

pip install https://codeload.github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin/zip/django2       # xadmin
 
pip install  django-simple-captcha                # 验证码

pip install django-pure-pagination                # 分页

1.2 创建四个app及超级用户

①.app创建

python manage.py startapp users

python manage.py startapp course

python manage.py startapp organization

python manage.py startapp operation

②.超级用户

python manage.py createsuperuser

二.各models设计及settings设置

2.1 各app的models

①.course.models

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models


class Course(models.Model):
    DEGREE_CHOICES = (
        ("cj", "初级"),
        ("zj", "中级"),
        ("gj", "高级")
    )
    name = models.CharField("课程名",max_length=50)
    desc = models.CharField("课程描述",max_length=300)
    detail = models.TextField("课程详情")
    degree = models.CharField(‘难度‘,choices=DEGREE_CHOICES, max_length=2)
    learn_times = models.IntegerField("学习时长(分钟数)",default=0)
    students = models.IntegerField("学习人数",default=0)
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField("收藏人数",default=0)
    image = models.ImageField("封面图",upload_to="courses/%Y/%m",max_length=100)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField("点击数",default=0)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间",default=datetime.now,)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Lesson(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=‘课程‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField("章节名",max_length=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间",default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "章节"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return ‘《{0}》课程的章节 >> {1}‘.format(self.course, self.name)

class Video(models.Model):
    lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name="章节",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField("视频名",max_length=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间", default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "视频"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseResource(models.Model):
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name="课程",on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField("名称",max_length=100)
    download = models.FileField("资源文件",upload_to="course/resource/%Y/%m",max_length=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间", default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "课程资源"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

course

②.operation.models

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models

from course.models import Course
from users.models import UserProfile


class UserAsk(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(‘姓名‘,max_length=20)
    mobile = models.CharField(‘手机‘,max_length=11)
    course_name = models.CharField(‘课程名‘,max_length=50)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘,default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘用户咨询‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class CourseComments(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=‘用户‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=‘课程‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    comments = models.CharField(‘评论‘,max_length=200)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘, default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘课程评论‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserFavorite(models.Model):
    FAV_TYPE = (
        (1,‘课程‘),
        (2,‘课程机构‘),
        (3,‘讲师‘)
    )

    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=‘用户‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(‘数据id‘,default=0)
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(verbose_name=‘收藏类型‘,choices=FAV_TYPE,default=1)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘, default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘用户收藏‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserMessage(models.Model):
    user = models.IntegerField(‘接受用户‘,default=0)
    message = models.CharField(‘消息内容‘,max_length=500)
    has_read = models.BooleanField(‘是否已读‘,default=False)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘, default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘用户消息‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserCourse(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=‘用户‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course,verbose_name=‘课程‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘, default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘用户课程‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

operation

③.organization.models

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models


class CityDict(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(‘城市‘,max_length=20)
    desc = models.CharField(‘描述‘,max_length=200)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘城市‘
        verbose_name_plural= verbose_name


class CourseOrg(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(‘机构名称‘,max_length=50)
    desc = models.TextField(‘机构描述‘)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(‘点击数‘,default=0)
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(‘收藏数‘,default=0)
    image = models.ImageField(‘封面图‘,upload_to=‘org/%Y%m‘,max_length=100)
    address = models.CharField(‘机构地址‘,max_length=150,)
    city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict,verbose_name=‘所在城市‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘课程机构‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Teacher(models.Model):
    org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg,verbose_name=‘所属机构‘,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(‘教师名‘,max_length=50)
    work_years = models.IntegerField(‘工作年限‘,default=0)
    work_company = models.CharField(‘就职公司‘,max_length=50)
    work_position = models.CharField(‘公司职位‘,max_length=50)
    points = models.CharField(‘教学特点‘,max_length=50)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(‘点击数‘,default=0)
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(‘收藏数‘,default=0)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘教师‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return "[{0}]的教师: {1}".format(self.org, self.name)

organization

④.users.models

from datetime import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

class UserProfile(AbstractUser):

    gender_choices = (
        (‘male‘,‘男‘),
        (‘female‘,‘女‘)
    )

    nick_name = models.CharField(‘昵称‘,max_length=50,default=‘‘)
    birthday = models.DateField(‘生日‘,null=True,blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(‘性别‘,max_length=10,choices=gender_choices,default=‘female‘)
    adress = models.CharField(‘地址‘,max_length=100,default=‘‘)
    mobile = models.CharField(‘手机号‘,max_length=11,null=True,blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to=‘image/%Y%m‘,default=‘image/default.png‘,max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘用户信息‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username


class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
    send_choices = (
        (‘register‘,‘注册‘),
        (‘forget‘,‘找回密码‘)
    )

    code = models.CharField(‘验证码‘,max_length=20)
    email = models.EmailField(‘邮箱‘,max_length=50)
    send_type = models.CharField(choices=send_choices,max_length=10)
    send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘邮箱验证码‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class Banner(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(‘标题‘,max_length=100)
    image = models.ImageField(‘轮播图‘,upload_to=‘banner/%Y%m‘,max_length=100)
    url = models.URLField(‘访问地址‘,max_length=200)
    index = models.IntegerField(‘顺序‘,default=100)
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(‘添加时间‘,default=datetime.now)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = ‘轮播图‘
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

users

2.2 settings设置

①.mysql设置

DATABASES = {
    ‘default‘: {
        ‘ENGINE‘: ‘django.db.backends.mysql‘,
        ‘NAME‘: ‘rconline‘,        #数据库名字
        ‘USER‘: ‘zry‘,          #账号
        ‘PASSWORD‘: ‘542858zry‘,      #密码
        ‘HOST‘: ‘127.0.0.1‘,    #IP
        ‘PORT‘: ‘3306‘,                   #端口
    }
}

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

②.时区,时间设置

LANGUAGE_CODE = ‘zh-hans‘

TIME_ZONE = ‘Asia/Shanghai‘

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False

③.将xadmin,app等加入INSTALLED_APPS中

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,

    ‘course‘,
    ‘operation‘,
    ‘organization‘,
    ‘users‘,

    ‘xadmin‘,
    ‘crispy_forms‘,
    ‘captcha‘,
]

④.添加extra_apps和apps路径

sys.path.insert(0,os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘apps‘))
sys.path.insert(0,os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ‘extra_apps‘))

⑤.设置media保存路径

# 上传图片
MEDIA_URL = ‘/media/‘
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,‘media‘)

⑥.替换系统用户

#重载系统的用户，让UserProfile生效
AUTH_USER_MODEL = ‘users.UserProfile‘

⑦.迁移生成数据库

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

三.xadmin后台设置

3.1 编辑后台内容

①.course

import xadmin

from .models import Course, Lesson, Video, CourseResource


# Course的admin管理器
class CourseAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘课程‘‘‘

    list_display = [ ‘name‘,‘desc‘,‘detail‘,‘degree‘,‘learn_times‘,‘students‘]
    search_fields = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘detail‘, ‘degree‘, ‘students‘]
    list_filter = [ ‘name‘,‘desc‘,‘detail‘,‘degree‘,‘learn_times‘,‘students‘]


class LessonAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘章节‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘course‘, ‘name‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘course‘, ‘name‘]
    #这里course__name是根据课程名称过滤
    list_filter = [‘course__name‘, ‘name‘, ‘add_time‘]


class VideoAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘视频‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘lesson‘, ‘name‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘lesson‘, ‘name‘]
    list_filter = [‘lesson‘, ‘name‘, ‘add_time‘]


class CourseResourceAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘课程资源‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘course‘, ‘name‘, ‘download‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘course‘, ‘name‘, ‘download‘]
    list_filter = [‘course__name‘, ‘name‘, ‘download‘, ‘add_time‘]


# 将管理器与model进行注册关联
xadmin.site.register(Course, CourseAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Lesson, LessonAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Video, VideoAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseResource, CourseResourceAdmin)

adminx.py

from django.apps import AppConfig


class CourseConfig(AppConfig):
    name = ‘course‘
    verbose_name = ‘课程‘

apps.py

default_app_config = ‘course.apps.CourseConfig‘

__init__.py

②.operation

import xadmin

from .models import UserAsk, UserCourse, UserMessage, CourseComments, UserFavorite


class UserAskAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘用户表单我要学习‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘name‘, ‘mobile‘, ‘course_name‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘name‘, ‘mobile‘, ‘course_name‘]
    list_filter = [‘name‘, ‘mobile‘, ‘course_name‘, ‘add_time‘]


#
class UserCourseAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘用户课程学习‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘user‘, ‘course‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘user‘, ‘course‘]
    list_filter = [‘user‘, ‘course‘, ‘add_time‘]



class UserMessageAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘用户消息后台‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘user‘, ‘message‘, ‘has_read‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘user‘, ‘message‘, ‘has_read‘]
    list_filter = [‘user‘, ‘message‘, ‘has_read‘, ‘add_time‘]



class CourseCommentsAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘用户评论后台‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘user‘, ‘course‘, ‘comments‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘user‘, ‘course‘, ‘comments‘]
    list_filter = [‘user‘, ‘course‘, ‘comments‘, ‘add_time‘]



class UserFavoriteAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘用户收藏后台‘‘‘

    list_display = [‘user‘, ‘fav_id‘, ‘fav_type‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘user‘, ‘fav_id‘, ‘fav_type‘]
    list_filter = [‘user‘, ‘fav_id‘, ‘fav_type‘, ‘add_time‘]


# 将后台管理器与models进行关联注册。
xadmin.site.register(UserAsk, UserAskAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserCourse, UserCourseAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserMessage, UserMessageAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseComments, CourseCommentsAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserFavorite, UserFavoriteAdmin)

adminx.py

from django.apps import AppConfig


class OperationConfig(AppConfig):
    name = ‘operation‘
    verbose_name = ‘用户操作‘

apps.py

default_app_config = ‘operation.apps.OperationConfig‘

__init__.py

③.organization

import xadmin

from .models import CityDict, CourseOrg, Teacher



class CityDictAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘城市‘‘‘
    
    list_display = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘]
    list_filter = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘add_time‘]


class CourseOrgAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘机构‘‘‘
    
    list_display = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘click_nums‘, ‘fav_nums‘,‘add_time‘ ]
    search_fields = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘click_nums‘, ‘fav_nums‘]
    list_filter = [‘name‘, ‘desc‘, ‘click_nums‘, ‘fav_nums‘,‘city__name‘,‘address‘,‘add_time‘]


class TeacherAdmin(object):
    ‘‘‘老师‘‘‘
    
    list_display = [ ‘name‘,‘org‘, ‘work_years‘, ‘work_company‘,‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘org‘, ‘name‘, ‘work_years‘, ‘work_company‘]
    list_filter = [‘org__name‘, ‘name‘, ‘work_years‘, ‘work_company‘,‘click_nums‘, ‘fav_nums‘, ‘add_time‘]


xadmin.site.register(CityDict, CityDictAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseOrg, CourseOrgAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Teacher, TeacherAdmin)

adminx.py

from django.apps import AppConfig


class OrganizationConfig(AppConfig):
    name = ‘organization‘
    verbose_name = ‘机构‘

apps.py

default_app_config = ‘organization.apps.OrganizationConfig‘

__init__.py

④.users

import xadmin

from .models import EmailVerifyRecord,Banner

from xadmin import views


# 创建xadmin的最基本管理器配置，并与view绑定
class BaseSetting(object):
    # 开启主题功能
    enable_themes = True
    use_bootswatch = True

# 全局修改，固定写法
class GlobalSettings(object):
    # 修改title
    site_title = ‘NBA后台管理界面‘
    # 修改footer
    site_footer = ‘科比的公司‘
    # 收起菜单
    menu_style = ‘accordion‘


#xadmin中这里是继承object，不再是继承admin
class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
    # 显示的列
    list_display = [‘code‘, ‘email‘, ‘send_type‘, ‘send_time‘]
    # 搜索的字段
    search_fields = [‘code‘, ‘email‘, ‘send_type‘]
    # 过滤
    list_filter = [‘code‘, ‘email‘, ‘send_type‘, ‘send_time‘]


class BannerAdmin(object):
    list_display = [‘title‘, ‘image‘, ‘url‘,‘index‘, ‘add_time‘]
    search_fields = [‘title‘, ‘image‘, ‘url‘,‘index‘]
    list_filter = [‘title‘, ‘image‘, ‘url‘,‘index‘, ‘add_time‘]


xadmin.site.register(EmailVerifyRecord,EmailVerifyRecordAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Banner,BannerAdmin)

# 将基本配置管理与view绑定
xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView,BaseSetting)

# 将title和footer信息进行注册
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView,GlobalSettings)

adminx.py

from django.apps import AppConfig


class UsersConfig(AppConfig):
    name = ‘users‘
    verbose_name = ‘用户‘

apps.py

default_app_config = ‘users.apps.UsersConfig‘

__init__.py

⑤.urls.py配置

import xadmin

from django.urls import path

from django.views.generic import TemplateView

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘xadmin/‘, xadmin.site.urls),
    path(‘‘, TemplateView.as_view(template_name=‘index.html‘),name=‘index‘),
]

此时的项目结构 # 其他一些前端,图片等文件可去GitHub下载

技术分享图片

在线教育平台 (一)

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/JangNara/p/12996318.html

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