pip install pyzmq
三种模式：
一、Request-Reply模式
一问一答，客户端request，服务器reply
哪方先先启动都可以，客户端中途断掉和服务端在reply后断掉都无所谓。
server：
import zmq context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.REP) # 设置socket的类型 socket.bind(‘tcp://*:15000‘) # 端口绑定 message = socket.recv() # 收到的是byte类型 print(message) socket.send_string(‘copy!‘)
client：
import zmq context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.REQ) socket.connect(‘tcp://localhost:15000‘) socket.send_string(‘request‘) message = socket.recv() print(message)
二、Publisher-Subscriber模式
一对多，一个发布者，若干订阅者。订阅者端可以通过设置过滤器过滤数据。
Publisher
import zmq from random import randrange context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.PUB) socket.bind("tcp://*:15000") while True: socket.send_string("message")
Subscriber
import sys import zmq context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.SUB) socket.connect("tcp://localhost:15000") # 过滤器 zip_filter = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "10002" socket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, zip_filter) for i in range(5): msg = socket.recv() print msg print(msg)
三、Push-Pull模式
服务端push，所有连接在服务端的客户端pull，不同的是只有一个客户端可以pull，它们之间存在竞争，具体机制不需要了解，此模式类似于负载均衡。
Server
import zmq context = zmq.Context() server = context.socket(zmq.PUSH) server.bind(‘tcp://*:15000‘) while True: server.send_string(‘Push‘)
Client
import zmq context = zmq.Context() client = context.socket(zmq.PULL) client.connect(‘tcp://localhost:15000‘) while True: msg = client.recv()
问题1：如果客户端既需要pull模式 又需要subscriber模式的socket
import zmq context = zmq.Context() receiver = context.socket(zmq.PULL) receiver.connect("tcp://localhost:5557") subscriber = context.socket(zmq.SUB) subscriber.connect("tcp://localhost:5556") subscriber.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, b"10001") poller = zmq.Poller() poller.register(receiver, zmq.POLLIN) poller.register(subscriber, zmq.POLLIN) while True: try: socks = dict(poller.poll()) except KeyboardInterrupt: break if receiver in socks: message = receiver.recv() if subscriber in socks: message = subscriber.recv()
问题2：在Request-Reply模式下，如果服务端压力过大，如何给服务端负载均衡
可以通过增加中间代理，来自动分摊来自客户端的Request。
Server
import zmq context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.REP) socket.connect("tcp://localhost:15000") while True: message = socket.recv() socket.send_string("msg")
Urgent
import zmq # Prepare our context and sockets context = zmq.Context() frontend = context.socket(zmq.ROUTER) backend = context.socket(zmq.DEALER) frontend.bind("tcp://*:15001") backend.bind("tcp://*:15002") poller = zmq.Poller() poller.register(frontend, zmq.POLLIN) poller.register(backend, zmq.POLLIN) while True: socks = dict(poller.poll()) if socks.get(frontend) == zmq.POLLIN: message = frontend.recv_multipart() backend.send_multipart(message) if socks.get(backend) == zmq.POLLIN: message = backend.recv_multipart() frontend.send_multipart(message)
Client
import zmq context = zmq.Context() socket = context.socket(zmq.REQ) socket.connect("tcp://localhost:15001") for request in range(1,11): socket.send_string("Hello") message = socket.recv() socket.close() context.term()
原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/LMIx/p/12677787.html