在ALV的开发过程中经常需要给行，列，单元格设置不同的颜色，用来帮助用户区分一些意外或重要的信息，比如某些物料缺少库存，某订单的状态是未清之类的。本文就着重介绍如何给SALV设置颜色。
颜色设定的有以下三种：
1，单元格颜色
为特定的单元格设置颜色，这需要在ALV输出内表中添加一个专门保存颜色的字段，类型为lvc_t_scol,设置完颜色后（包括列名字，行号码）,通过调用方法set_color_column()将颜色字段传递给SALV。
2，行颜色
与单元格颜色设置方法类似，只是不用指定列名字，只要指定行号就可以了。
3，列颜色
相对简单，只要在取得列对象引用（cl_salv_column_table ）后，通过调用方法set_color()就能实现。
本实例中，要实现设置sale document type列第三行颜色为红色，create on列为黄色，第五行为绿色
ALV中颜色色号请参照-->ALV单元格颜色代码
在SALV教程2-添加标准状态栏(status)代码的基础上添加方法set_colors().
新的UML流程图如下：
完整代码如下：
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*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& 一个简单的通过类CL_SALV_TABLE生成SALV的例子
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT z_salv_8.
*
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_report DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
CLASS lcl_report DEFINITION.
*
PUBLIC SECTION.
*
* 定义SALV输出内表
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_vbak,
vbeln TYPE vbak-vbeln,
erdat TYPE erdat,
auart TYPE auart,
kunnr TYPE kunnr,
t_color TYPE lvc_t_scol, "设置单元格颜色用
END OF ty_vbak.
*
TYPES: ty_t_vbak TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_vbak.
DATA: t_vbak TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_vbak.
*
* ALV reference
DATA: o_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
*
METHODS:
* 抽取数据
get_data,
*
* 生成输出内容
generate_output.
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_1 - Begin..................................1..*$*$*
*
* 定义private method来设定SALV不同特性
PRIVATE SECTION.
METHODS:
set_pf_status CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table.
METHODS:
set_colors CHANGING co_alv TYPE REF TO cl_salv_table
ct_vbak TYPE ty_t_vbak.
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_1 - End....................................1..*$*$*
ENDCLASS. "lcl_report DEFINITION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* CLASS lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* 类实现
CLASS lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION.
*
METHOD get_data.
* 抽取数据
SELECT vbeln
erdat
auart
kunnr
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE t_vbak
FROM vbak
UP TO 20 ROWS.
*
ENDMETHOD. "get_data
*.......................................................................
METHOD generate_output.
* New ALV instance
* We are calling the static Factory method which will give back
* the ALV object reference.
*
* exception class
DATA: lx_msg TYPE REF TO cx_salv_msg.
TRY.
cl_salv_table=>factory(
IMPORTING
r_salv_table = o_alv
CHANGING
t_table = t_vbak ).
CATCH cx_salv_msg INTO lx_msg.
ENDTRY.
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_2 - Begin..................................2..*$*$*
*
* In this area we will call the methods which will set the
* different properties to the ALV
* 调用status设置方法
CALL METHOD set_pf_status
CHANGING
co_alv = o_alv.
* 调用设置颜色用方法
CALL METHOD set_colors
CHANGING
co_alv = o_alv
ct_vbak = t_vbak.
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_2 - End....................................2..*$*$*
*
*
* 调用Display方法将数据输出到屏幕上
o_alv->display( ).
*
ENDMETHOD. "generate_output
*
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_3 - Begin..................................3..*$*$*
*
* In this area we will implement the methods which are defined in
* the class definition
* status设置方法实现
METHOD set_pf_status.
DATA: lo_functions TYPE REF TO cl_salv_functions_list.
* 设置默认的标准状态栏
lo_functions = co_alv->get_functions( ).
lo_functions->set_default( abap_true ).
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD set_colors.
*
*.....Color for COLUMN.....
DATA: lo_cols_tab TYPE REF TO cl_salv_columns_table,
lo_col_tab TYPE REF TO cl_salv_column_table.
DATA: ls_color TYPE lvc_s_colo. " Colors strucutre
*
* get Columns object
lo_cols_tab = co_alv->get_columns( ).
*
INCLUDE <color>.
*
* 取得 ERDAT列对象 & 设定黄颜色
TRY.
lo_col_tab ?= lo_cols_tab->get_column( ‘ERDAT‘ ).
ls_color-col = col_total. "色号
lo_col_tab->set_color( ls_color ).
CATCH cx_salv_not_found.
ENDTRY.
*
*.......Color for Specific Cell & Rows.................
* Applying color on the 3rd Row and Column AUART
* Applying color on the Entire 5th Row
*
DATA: lt_s_color TYPE lvc_t_scol,
ls_s_color TYPE lvc_s_scol,
la_vbak LIKE LINE OF ct_vbak,
l_count TYPE i.
*
LOOP AT ct_vbak INTO la_vbak.
l_count = l_count + 1.
CASE l_count.
* 设定AUART字段，第三行的单元格颜色
WHEN 3.
ls_s_color-fname = ‘AUART‘.
ls_s_color-color-col = col_negative.
ls_s_color-color-int = 0.
ls_s_color-color-inv = 0.
APPEND ls_s_color TO lt_s_color.
CLEAR ls_s_color.
*
* 设定第五行颜色，
* 不赋值列名字就是对于整行颜色的设置,
WHEN 5.
ls_s_color-color-col = col_positive.
ls_s_color-color-int = 0.
ls_s_color-color-inv = 0.
APPEND ls_s_color TO lt_s_color.
CLEAR ls_s_color.
ENDCASE.
* Modify that data back to the output table
la_vbak-t_color = lt_s_color.
MODIFY ct_vbak FROM la_vbak.
CLEAR la_vbak.
CLEAR lt_s_color.
ENDLOOP.
*
* We will set this COLOR table field name of the internal table to
* COLUMNS tab reference for the specific colors
TRY.
lo_cols_tab->set_color_column( ‘T_COLOR‘ ).
CATCH cx_salv_data_error. "#EC NO_HANDLER
ENDTRY.
*
ENDMETHOD. "set_colors
*$*$*.....CODE_ADD_3 - End....................................3..*$*$*
*
ENDCLASS. "lcl_report IMPLEMENTATION
START-OF-SELECTION.
DATA: lo_report TYPE REF TO lcl_report.
CREATE OBJECT lo_report.
* 抽取数据
lo_report->get_data( ).
* 生成SALV
lo_report->generate_output( ).
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运行显示如下：行，列，单元格的颜色都设置成功。
以上。