在web程序中上传和下载是两大常用模块
上传可以利用fileupload的包来帮助完成
下载地址为:http://commons.apache.org/fileupload/。
此外FileUpload 依赖 Commons IO, 所以你需要在你的classpath中引入最新的 commons-io包, 下载地址为:http://commons.apache.org/io/。
那web程序中是如何进行上传的呢?
首先,我们建立一个uploadFile.jsp以供用户上传本地信息。
其中form表单 enctype 属性需要设置为 multipart/form-data,方法必须为post,提交处理的由fileUpload处理
<body> <p align="center">请您选择需要上传的文件</p> <form id="form1" name="form1" method="post" action="fileUpload" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <table border="0" align="center"> <tr> <td>上传人:</td> <td><input name="name" type="text" id="name" size="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>上传文件:</td> <td><input name="file" type="file" size="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交"> <input type="reset" name="reset" value="重置"></td> </tr> </table> </form> </body>
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -7744625344830285257L;
	private ServletContext sc;
	private String savePath;
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doPost(request, response);
	}
	public void init(ServletConfig config) {
		// 在web.xml中设置的一个初始化参数
		savePath = config.getInitParameter("savePath");
		sc = config.getServletContext();
	}
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		//对接受过来的数据设置编码
		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
		DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
		ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
		try {
			List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
			Iterator<FileItem> itr = items.iterator();
			while (itr.hasNext()) {
				FileItem item = (FileItem) itr.next();
				if (item.isFormField()) {
					System.out.println("表单参数名:" + item.getFieldName()
							+ ",表单参数值:" + item.getString("UTF-8"));
				} else {
					if (item.getName() != null && !item.getName().equals("")) {
						System.out.println("上传文件的大小:" + item.getSize());
						System.out.println("上传文件的类型:" + item.getContentType());
						// item.getName()返回上传文件在客户端的完整路径名称
						System.out.println("上传文件的名称:" + item.getName());
						File tempFile = new File(item.getName());
						// 上传文件的保存路径
						File file = new File(sc.getRealPath("/") + savePath,tempFile.getName());
						item.write(file);
						request.setAttribute("upload.message", "上传文件成功!");
					} else {
						request.setAttribute("upload.message", "没有选择上传文件!");
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (FileUploadException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			request.setAttribute("upload.message", "上传文件失败!");
		}
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/uploadResult.jsp").forward(request,
				response);
	}
}上传以后会跳转到uploadResult.jsp页面<body>
    ${requestScope['upload.message'] }
    <a href="http://localhost:4848/webExercise/UploadFile.jsp">上传文件</a>
  </body> <servlet>
  <servlet-name>FileUploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.qzp.servlet.FileUploadServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--设置初始化参数-->
    <init-param>
     <param-name>savePath</param-name>
     <param-value>uploads</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>FileUploadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/fileUpload</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
  <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.qzp.servlet.FileDownloadServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DownloadServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/FileDownServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  首先如果直接给用户一个链接,以供下载,这样是可行的,但是存在一些不安全的因素,比如暴露了服务器的文件存放的地址
因而,我们采用如下的方法,来进行文件下载
这是文件下载的jsp页面,
<body>
  <%-- 为什么要写在out对象之中呢? 因为直接写在jsp页面中,会暴露服务器的地址 --%>
  <% 
  String filename=null;
  session.setAttribute("333.txt",filename);
   //取得文件名
   // filename=getFilepath().substring(mb.getFilepath().lastIndexOf("/")+1);
    out.println("<td><a href=FileDownServlet?filename=333.txt>txt文件</a></td>");//java.rar这个可以改成变量
    out.println("<td><a href=FileDownServlet?filename=a.txt>普通文件</a></td>");
    out.println("<td><a href=FileDownServlet?filename=area.xml>xml配置文件</a></td>");
    out.println("</tr>");
 // }
  %>
  </body>public class FileDownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html; charset=utf-8";
    //Initialize global variables
    public void init() throws ServletException {
    }
    //Process the HTTP Get request
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
            ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
        //得到下载文件的名字
        //String filename=request.getParameter("filename");
       
        //解决中文乱码问题
        String filename=new String(request.getParameter("filename").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
        //创建file对象
        File file=new File("this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+"uploads/"+filename);
        //设置response的编码方式
        response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload");
        //写明要下载的文件的大小
        response.setContentLength((int)file.length());
        //设置附加文件名
       // response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);
       
        //解决中文乱码
    response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+new String(filename.getBytes("utf-8"),"iso-8859-1"));       
        //读出文件到i/o流
        FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(file);
        BufferedInputStream buff=new BufferedInputStream(fis);
        byte [] b=new byte[1024];//相当于我们的缓存
        long k=0;//该值用于计算当前实际下载了多少字节
        //从response对象中得到输出流,准备下载
        OutputStream myout=response.getOutputStream();
        //开始循环下载
        while(k<file.length()){
            int j=buff.read(b,0,1024);
            k+=j;
            //将b中的数据写到客户端的内存
            myout.write(b,0,j);
        }
        //将写入到客户端的内存的数据,刷新到磁盘
        myout.flush();
    }
    //Process the HTTP Post request
    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws
            ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
    //Clean up resources
    public void destroy() {
    }
}上传文件的效果图:
下载文件的效果图:
原文:http://blog.csdn.net/qzp1991/article/details/39028307