csv 基本操作， 报错解决（UnicodeEncodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't encode characters in position 232-233: surrogates not allowed）

最常用的一种方法，利用pandas包

import pandas as pd

#任意的多组列表
a = [1,2,3]
b = [4,5,6]    

#字典中的key值即为csv中列名
dataframe = pd.DataFrame({‘a_name‘:a,‘b_name‘:b})

#将DataFrame存储为csv,index表示是否显示行名，default=True
dataframe.to_csv("test.csv",index=False,sep=‘,‘)

a_name  b_name
0       1       4
1       2       5
2       3       6

同样pandas也提供简单的读csv方法

import pandas as pd
data = pd.read_csv(‘test.csv‘)

会得到一个DataFrame类型的data，不熟悉处理方法可以参考pandas十分钟入门

另一种方法用csv包，一行一行写入

import csv

#python2可以用file替代open
with open("test.csv","w") as csvfile: 
    writer = csv.writer(csvfile)

    #先写入columns_name
    writer.writerow(["index","a_name","b_name"])
    #写入多行用writerows
    writer.writerows([[0,1,3],[1,2,3],[2,3,4]])

index   a_name  b_name
0       1       3
1       2       3
2       3       4

读取csv文件用reader

import csv
with open("test.csv","r") as csvfile:
    reader = csv.reader(csvfile)
    #这里不需要readlines
    for line in reader:
        print line

错误：UnicodeEncodeError: ‘utf-8‘ codec can‘t encode characters in position 232-233: surrogates not allowed

import csv
with open(file,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf8‘, errors=‘surrogatepass‘) as csvfile:
　　csv_writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
　　csv_writer.writerow(headers)
　　csv_writer.writerow(row)