作者：@ants_double
本文为作者原创，转载请注明出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/ants_double/p/11763415.html
构建docker镜像，其中数据卷配置内容在下面,结构目录如下
version: ‘3.7‘
services:
db:
# images 8.x
image: mysql
restart: always
environment:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 456123
command:
--default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
--character-set-server=utf8mb4
--collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
--lower_case_table_names=1
ports:
- 3309:3306
volumes:
- ./data:/var/lib/mysql
- ./my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
更新配置文件
# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
#
# The MySQL Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
[mysqld]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Custom config should go here
# [必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1 1~255
server-id=1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
配置操作
启动mysql
docker-compose up -d 更新配置
查看容器
docker ps
进入mysql交互
docker exec -it 518a92715f6f /bin/bash
登录mysql
mysql -u root -p
配置
#在主库上创建同步用户并授权
CREATE USER ‘replicate‘@‘112.74.41.236‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘replicate‘@‘112.74.41.236‘;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#最后增加远程访问用户 并赋予所有权限，远程访问测试用
CREATE USER antsdouble IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘antsdouble‘@‘%‘;
#用navicate12及以上可以不用修复修复远程登录报报 caching_sha2_password异常
# mysql8 用新的驱动 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
ALTER USER ‘antsdouble‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
ALTER USER ‘antsdouble‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘123456‘;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#查询master的状态，此处File，Position数据在配置从库时用到
show master status;
相关说明
server-id是唯一的，主从不能相同，server-id为1表示mysq数据库为主数据库，server-id为2表示mysql的数据库为从数据库
为何必须挂载到/etc/my.cnf 文件上，而不是/etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件上？因为mysql默认配置文件位置在/etc/mysql/my.cnf，挂在方式无法改变容器中文件内容，my.conf内容不会改变，my.cnf中没有我们自定义的配置内容，启动mysql容器会报错
lower_case_table_names：忽略表名、列名等数据结构的大小写（注意：不是每行记录内容的大小写！）。
log-bin：开启二进制记录。这是为了主从复制而做的设置。本文使用RBR（Row-Based Replication）模式。
slow_query_log=1：开启慢查询日志。如果某一条SQL执行的时间超过long_query_time设置的秒数，那么就记录下来。记录文件路径可以使用show variables;命令，在变量名是slow_query_log_file下查找到具体的日志文件路径。
long_query_time=1：单位是秒。指如果某一条SQL语句执行时间超过1秒，就记录下来。必须开启慢查询日志了以后，此变量才能使用。
log_error：开启错误日志。show variables like ‘log_error‘; 就可以查询到日志文件的路径。mysql的docker官方镜像如果设置别的取值会导致容器无法正常启动。更新配置文件
# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
#
# The MySQL Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
[mysqld]
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Custom config should go here
# [必须]启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
# [必须]服务器唯一ID，默认是1
server-id=1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION配置操作
进入交互模式，方法同主库
配置从库
change master to master_host=‘112.74.41.236‘,master_port=3309,master_user=‘replicate‘,master_password=‘123456‘,master_log_file=‘binlog.000006‘,master_log_pos=3862;说明
master_port：Master的端口号，指的是容器的端口号
master_user：用于数据同步的用户
master_password：用于同步的用户的密码
master_log_file：指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
master_log_pos：从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
master_connect_retry：如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒查看
show slave status\G
# 查询slave的状态，Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running进程必须正常运行，即YES状态，否则都是错误的状态 错误可以在2标记处查看到原因，也可以通过
show slave status;
可能产生的原因
网络不通
检查ip,端口
密码不对
检查是否创建用于同步的用户和用户密码是否正确
pos不对
检查Master的 PositionCould not execute Update_rows event on table oa.bui_bill_sum; Can‘t find record in ‘bui_bill_sum‘, Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND; the event‘s master log mysql-bin.000138, end_log_pos 160051747
解决，临时
进入sql 执行
STOP SLAVE;
SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter =1; #表示跳过一步错误，后面的数字可变
START SLAVE; 永久
在my.cnf中配置
slave-skip-errors = 1032 就会跳过所有的1032的错误,多个用逗号分隔mysql并没有从my.cnf文件中更新server_id，既然这样就只能手动修改了
set global server_id=2; #此处的数值和my.cnf里设置的一样就行
slave start;原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/lonelyxmas/p/11763610.html