Scrapy中间件user-agent和ip代理使用

 1 import random
 2 from Tencent.settings import USER_AGENTS_LIST # 注意导入路径,请忽视pycharm的错误提示
 3 
 4 class UserAgentMiddleware(object):
 5     def process_request(self, request, spider):
 6         user_agent = random.choice(USER_AGENTS_LIST)
 7         request.headers[‘User-Agent‘] = user_agent
 8         # 不写return
 9 
10 class CheckUA:
11     def process_response(self,request,response,spider):
12         print(request.headers[‘User-Agent‘])
13         return response # 不能少！

1 DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
2    ‘Tencent.middlewares.UserAgentMiddleware‘: 543, # 543是权重值
3    ‘Tencent.middlewares.CheckUA‘: 600, # 先执行543权重的中间件，再执行600的中间件
4 }

1 USER_AGENTS_LIST = [
2     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
3     "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
4     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
5     "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
6     "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5"
7 ]

 1 class RandomProxy(object):
 2 
 3     def process_request(self, request, spider):
 4 
 5         proxy = random.choice(PROXY_LIST)
 6         print(proxy)
 7 
 8         if ‘user_passwd‘ in proxy:
 9             # 对账号密码进行编码，基础认证,python3中需要是bytes类型的数据才能编码
10             b64_up = base64.b64encode(proxy[‘user_passwd‘].encode())
11 
12             # 进行代理认证
13             request.headers[‘Proxy-Authorization‘] = ‘Basic ‘ + b64_up.decode()
14 
15             # 设置代理
16             request.meta[‘proxy‘] = proxy[‘ip_port‘]
17         else:
18             #设置代理
19             request.meta[‘proxy‘] = proxy[‘ip_port‘]

1 class ProxyMiddleware(object):
2     ......
3     def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
4         if response.status != ‘200‘:
5             request.dont_filter = True # 重新发送的请求对象能够再次进入队列
6             return requst

1 PROXY_LIST = [
2     {"ip_port": "139.199.121.163:16818", "user_passwd": "user:password"},#收费代理
3     # {"ip_port": "114.234.81.72:9000"} # 免费代理
4 ]

 1 import scrapy
 2 
 3 class Login4Spider(scrapy.Spider):
 4     name = ‘login4‘
 5     allowed_domains = [‘github.com‘]
 6     start_urls = [‘https://github.com/returnes‘] # 直接对验证的url发送请求
 7 
 8     def parse(self, response):
 9         with open(‘check.html‘, ‘w‘) as f:
10             f.write(response.body.decode())

 1 import time
 2 from selenium import webdriver
 3 
 4 
 5 def getCookies():
 6     # 使用selenium模拟登陆，获取并返回cookie
 7     username = input(‘输入github账号:‘)
 8     password = input(‘输入github密码:‘)
 9     options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
10     options.add_argument(‘--headless‘)
11     options.add_argument(‘--disable-gpu‘)
12     driver = webdriver.Chrome(‘/home/worker/Desktop/driver/chromedriver‘,
13                               chrome_options=options)
14     driver.get(‘https://github.com/login‘)
15     time.sleep(1)
16     driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login_field"]‘).send_keys(username)
17     time.sleep(1)
18     driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="password"]‘).send_keys(password)
19     time.sleep(1)
20     driver.find_element_by_xpath(‘//*[@id="login"]/form/div[3]/input[3]‘).click()
21     time.sleep(2)
22     cookies_dict = {cookie[‘name‘]: cookie[‘value‘] for cookie in driver.get_cookies()}
23     driver.quit()
24     return cookies_dict
25 
26 class LoginDownloaderMiddleware(object):
27 
28     def process_request(self, request, spider):
29         cookies_dict = getCookies()
30         print(cookies_dict)
31         request.cookies = cookies_dict # 对请求对象的cookies属性进行替换