负载均衡与web服务集群搭建

lvs部署

1.编辑realserver脚本文件(在lb01 lb02上)

cd /etc/init.d/
vim realserver
# chkconfig: 35 23 94
SNS_VIP=192.168.1.206
. /etc/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
       ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
       /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "RealServer Start OK"
       ;;
stop)
       ifconfig lo:0 down
       route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
       echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
       echo "RealServer Stoped"
       ;;
*)
       echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
       exit 1
esac
exit 0

chmod 755 realserver
service realserver start
chkconfig realserver on

2.配置主负载服务器

安装Keepalived ipvsadm相关包

yum install -y keepalived ipvsadm
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs {  
   notification_email {  
         edisonchou@hotmail.com  
   }  
   notification_email_from sns-lvs@gmail.com  
   smtp_server 192.168.80.1  
   smtp_connection_timeout 30
   router_id LVS01              #设置lvs的id，在一个网络内应该是唯一的
}  
vrrp_instance VI_1 {  
    state MASTER               #指定Keepalived的角色，MASTER为主，BACKUP为备          
    interface eth1              #指定Keepalived检测网卡
    virtual_router_id 51           #虚拟路由编号，主备要一致
    priority 100               #定义优先级，数字越大，优先级越高，主DR必须大于备用DR    
    advert_int 1               #检查间隔，默认为1s
    authentication {  
        auth_type PASS  
        auth_pass 1111  
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress {  
        192.168.1.206           #定义虚拟IP(VIP)为192.168.1.206，可多设，每行一个
    }  
}  
                                                  
virtual_server 192.168.80.200 80 {           #定义对外提供服务的LVS的VIP以及port
    delay_loop 6               #设置健康检查时间，单位是秒                    
    lb_algo wrr               #设置负载调度的算法为wrr                   
    lb_kind DR                #设置LVS实现负载的机制，有NAT、TUN、DR三个模式   
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0                
    persistence_timeout 0          
    protocol TCP                  
    real_server 192.168.1.5 80 {      #指定real server1的IP地址
        weight 3                    #配置节点权值，数字越大权重越高              
        TCP_CHECK {  
        connect_timeout 10         
        nb_get_retry 3  
        delay_before_retry 3  
        connect_port 80  
        }  
    }  
    real_server 192.168.1.6 80 {      #指定real server2的IP地址
        weight 3   
        TCP_CHECK {  
        connect_timeout 10  
        nb_get_retry 3  
        delay_before_retry 3  
        connect_port 80  
        }  
     }  
}

3.配置备负载服务器

只需要修改

router_id LVS02
priority 99

4.启动keepalived (lvs01 lvs02)

/etc/init.d/keepalived start
chkconfig keepalived on

nginx反向代理 7层负载

1.安装nginx(lb01 lb02)

yum install  -y pcre-devel openssl-devel pcre openssl
mkdir -p /application/tools/
cd /application/tools/
wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 504
tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.2
./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.12.2/ /application/nginx
echo "#nginx" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/application/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local
cd /application/nginx/conf
egrep -v "#|^$" /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default > /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

添加后端服务器nginx健康检测模块

1.下载模块

wget https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_upstream_check_module/archive/master.zip
unzip master

2.打补丁

cd /application/tools/nginx-1.12.2
patch -p1 < /application/tools/nginx_upstream_check_module-master/check_1.12.1+.patc

3.重新编译

./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/application/tools/nginx_upstream_check_module-master
make
rm -rf /usr/local/bin/nginx 
mv /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /application/nginx/sbin/nginx.bak
cp ./objs/nginx /application/nginx/sbin/
ln -s /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx

4.修改配置文件 动静分离 静态内容由nginx服务器处理(web-nginx01 web-nginx02) 动态内容由tomcat处理(web-tomcat01 web-tomcat02) 

worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    
    upstream tomcat {  
         server 172.16.1.31:8080 weight=1;
         server 172.16.1.32:8080 weight=1;
              check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=http;
    }  
    
    upstream nginx {  
         server 172.16.1.33 weight=1;
         server 172.16.1.34 weight=1;
         check interval=3000 rise=2 fall=5 timeout=1000 type=http;
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.e3mall.com;
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://tomcat;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
       }
        location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css|js)$ {
            proxy_pass http://nginx;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
       }
        location /status {
                check_status;
            access_log   off;
            allow 172.16.1.0/24;
            deny all;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

nginx服务器安装(web-nginx01 web-nginx02)

1.部署nginx

yum install  -y pcre-devel openssl-devel pcre openssl
rpm -qa  pcre-devel openssl-devel

2.下载nginx-1.12.2

cd /application/tools/
wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
useradd www -M -s /sbin/nologin -u 504

3.编译安装

tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.2
./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.12.2 --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module
make && make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.12.2/ /application/nginx
chown -R www:www /application/nginx-1.12.2
echo "#nginx" >>/etc/rc.local
echo "/application/nginx/sbin/nginx" >>/etc/rc.local
cd /application/nginx/conf
egrep -v "#|^$" nginx.conf.default > nginx.conf

tomcat服务器安装(web-tomcat01 web-tomcat02)

1.安装jdk1.7

http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/7u80-b15/jdk-7u80-linux-i586.tar.gz
mkdir /java
cd /java
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/java/jdk/7u80-b15/jdk-7u80-linux-i586.tar.gz
tar xf jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz
chown -R root:root /java/jdk1.7.0_80
cat << EOF >>/etc/profile
export PATH=/java/jdk1.7.0_80/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:/java/jdk1.7.0_80/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
EOF
source /etc/profile

2.安装tomcat

wget http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.88/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.88.tar.gz
tar xf apache-tomcat-7.0.88.tar.gz
ln -s /application/tools/apache-tomcat-7.0.88 /application/apache-tomcat
cd /application/apache-tomcat/bin/
tar xf commons-daemon-native.tar.gz 
cd commons-daemon-1.1.0-native-src/unix/
./configure
make
cp jsvc /application/apache-tomcat/bin/
建立一个用来运行Tomcat的用户
useradd tomcat -M  -s /usr/sbin/nologin -u 504
vim /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh
靠前的地方加入注释
#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: - 80 20
若创建用户不是tomcat 这里修改为创建用户
test ".$TOMCAT_USER" = . && TOMCAT_USER=tomcat
cd /application/apache-tomcat/bin/
chown -R tomcat:tomcat /application/tools/apache-tomcat-7.0.88
chmod a+x /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh 
ln -s /application/apache-tomcat/bin/daemon.sh /etc/init.d/tomcat7
chkconfig tomcat7 on
/etc/init.d/tomcat7 start

部署动静分离测试网站

1.tomcat1

cd /application/apache-tomcat/webapps/
mkdir nginx/image -p
chown -R tomcat.tomcat /application/apache-tomcat/webapps/nginx
cd nginx
vim index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"  
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>  
<!DOCTYPE html>  
<body>
<h2>Nginx动静分离</h2>  
<%    
        out.println("["+request.getLocalAddr()+":" +request.getLocalPort()+"]" + "<br/>session id:" + session.getId());     
%>   
%<br/>  
%<img alt="图片" src="/nginx/img/1.jpg" style="width:300px;height:300px">
%</body>
%</html>

vim /application/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml
<Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
      <Context path="" docBase="/application/apache-tomcat/webapps/nginx" reloadable="true" />
tomcat2上同上修改网站路径

2.复制测试网站到其他三台服务器

scp -r nginx/ root@172.16.1.32:/application/apache-tomcat/webapps/
scp -r nginx/ root@172.16.1.33:/application/nginx/html
scp -r nginx/ root@172.16.1.34:/application/nginx/html

3.nginx01 nginx02 配置

chown -R www.www /application/nginx/html/nginx
vim /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  1;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.e3mall.com;
        location / {
            root   html/nginx;
            index  index.jsp;
        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

动静分离测试

1.删除tomcat服务器下的image目录下的图片

[root@web-tomcat01 image]# rm -rf 1.png
[root@web-tomcat02 image]# rm -rf 1.png

2.网页访问测试

负载均衡与web服务集群搭建

原文：http://blog.51cto.com/13712476/2119929