这是一个坑...磨了不少时间。见证自己功力有待提升。。。
架构图
数据库
1.安装数据库
这块不难， 直接引用： mysql安装
2.数据库主备
这块不难， 直接引用： mysql主备
虚拟VIP
重点来了！！
上脚本， 把这个脚本命名后仍进/etc/init.d， 然后授予权限755或者+x
SNS_VIP=192.168.158.110
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
ifconfig eth0:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev eth0:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "RealServer Start OK"
;;
stop)
ifconfig eth0:0 down
route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo "RealServer Stoped"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
启动这个脚本后会出现虚拟ip， 启动方法service realserver start
查看有好几种方式
第一种: ifconfig
第二种: ip addr
第三种: ifconfig eth0:0
好了, 虚拟ip也有了,记得两台mysql是一样的操作。
LVS
重点！
1.依赖：
yum install -y libnl* popt* rpm -ivh popt-static-1.13-7.el6.x86_64.rpm 第二个是后面发现缺少, 恰恰yum中也没有的安装而独自下载rpm 包
2.查看是否已加载lvs模块
modprobe -l |grep ipvs
3.正常的情况下是这样的:
[root@localhost init.d]# modprobe -l |grep ipvs kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_rr.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_wrr.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_lc.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_wlc.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_lblc.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_lblcr.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_dh.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_sh.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_sed.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_nq.ko kernel/net/netfilter/ipvs/ip_vs_ftp.ko [root@localhost init.d]#
4.安装正包
tar -zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz make && make install
5.编译安装完成后测试:
ipvsadm -L -n
[root@localhost init.d]# ipvsadm -ln IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
lvs大功告成!
Keepalived
重点!!
1.安装依赖
yum install -y kernel-devel openssl openssl-devel
2.编译安装
新建安装目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/keepalived
编译
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64/
Keepalived configuration ------------------------ Keepalived version : 1.2.13 Compiler : gcc Compiler flags : -g -O2 Extra Lib : -lssl -lcrypto -lcrypt Use IPVS Framework : Yes IPVS sync daemon support : Yes IPVS use libnl : No fwmark socket support : Yes Use VRRP Framework : Yes Use VRRP VMAC : Yes SNMP support : No SHA1 support : No Use Debug flags : No
注意: 这里的2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64是您的内核, 不要照抄哦, 可能咋们内核不一致
安装
make && make install
3.其他操作
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ chkconfig keepalived on
LVS+Keepalived配置
~~负载均衡主机~~
1.新建keepalived配置文件:
vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
2.keepalived.conf详细:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs { #全局标识模块
notification_email { #定义邮件通知
test@163.com #目标邮箱
}
notification_email_from test@163.com #发送邮箱
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 #发送邮箱的smtp服务器
smtp_connect_timeout 30 #smtp服务器连接超时时间
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #本实例启动状态：MASTER/BACKUP
interface eth0 #监控的网络接口
virtual_router_id 51 #vrrp实例（同一个组主备服务器设置一样）
priority 100 #优先级高的为master，不能超过255。（BACKUP可设置为50）
advert_int 1 #均衡器检测间隔1秒（服务器设置都一样）
authentication { #验证类型及密码（服务器设置都一样）
auth_type PASS #认证方式，PASS或AH
auth_pass 123456 #认证密码
}
virtual_ipaddress { #虚拟ip地址virtual_ipaddress,可以定义多个
192.168.158.110
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.158.110 3306 { #定义虚拟服务器，与上面的virtual_server一样
delay_loop 3 #健康检查时间间隔，6秒
lb_algo wrr #负载均衡调度算法：rr|wrr|lc|wlc|sh|dh|lblc
lb_kind DR #负载均衡转发规则：NAT|DR|TUN
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
#persistence_timeout 50 #回话保持时间50秒，动态服务建议开启
protocol TCP #转发协议protocol，一般有tcp和udp两种
#后端真实服务器，有几台就设置几个
real_server 192.168.158.134 3306 {
weight 1 #权重越大负载分越大，0表示失效
SSL_GET { #健康检查方式：HTTP_GET|SSL_GET|TCP_CHECK|SMTP_CHECK|MISC_CHECK
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
real_server 192.168.158.139 3306 {
weight 1
SSL_GET {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
3.附上启动脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# Startup script for the Keepalived daemon
#
# processname: keepalived
# pidfile: /var/run/keepalived.pid
# config: /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
# chkconfig: - 21 79
# description: Start and stop Keepalived
# Source function library
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source configuration file (we set KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS there)
. /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
RETVAL=0
prog="keepalived"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc keepalived
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc keepalived -1
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart)
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
status keepalived
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|condrestart|status}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
4.检测keepalived
service keepalived start service keepalived stop service keepalived status
5.检测lvs
ipvsadm
lvs数据参考:
[root@localhost init.d]# ipvsadm IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096) Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn TCP 192.168.158.110:mysql wrr -> 192.168.158.134:mysql Route 1 0 0 -> 192.168.158.139:mysql Route 1 0 0
~~负载均衡备机~~
备机负载服务器与主负载服务器大致相同，只是在keepalived的配置文件中需要改以下两处：
（1）将state由MASTER改为BACKUP
（2）将priority由100改为99
lvs+keepalived大功告成!!
验证性测试
1.启动mysql(两台)
service mysqld start
2.启动vip
service realserver start
3.启动keepalived(两台)
service keepalived start
4.使用本地ping vip
5.使用本地连接mysql(连接的是vip)
mysql.exe -u root -p"lizhenghua" -P 3306 -h 192.168.158.110
6.在从库139上建立数据库cheng(先断开主从)
192.168.158.139
192.168.158.134
完成!!