系统：CentOS6.x_x64
mysql:社区版5.6.21,开源数据库用的最多的mysql，编译安装比较繁琐，yum安装版本比较低且默认安装的位置是/var/下，本次采用官方下载的rpm包，通过脚本自动化安装并定制数据目录到独立分区中(本次为/data目录)
2、准备安装包
1>官方下载
#https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads 选择对应的版本和平台软件包：
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm #x就是你下的版本号以下类同
MySQL-devel-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
2>本实验用到的包
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1kVraS8R 密码: iybx
包含了以下软件包：
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
3、安装
1>如果是官方下载的请直接执行下面操作
#rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm #提供基础依赖组件，需要第一个安装 #yum remove mysql-libs -y #御载默认自带的mysql-lib#yum install libaio -y #安装libiao#rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#rpm -ivh MySQL-test-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm#rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.x-1.el6.x86_64.rpm2>脚本执行
#!/bin/bash
src_dir=$(pwd)
cd $src_dir
tar xvf mysql5.6.21.x86_64.rpms.tar.gz
tar xvf mysql5.6.21.x86_64.rpms.tar
cd mysql5.6.21
rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum remove mysql-libs -y
yum install libaio -y
rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-shared-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-test-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#service mysql start && echo "mysql5.6.21 has installes sucess!"
#mysql_root_pwd=`gawk -F : '{ print $4 }' /root/.mysql_secret`
#echo "A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'."
#echo "The random root password was:'${mysql_root_pwd// }'"
service mysql stop
[ -d /data/mysqldb/data ] || mkdir -p /data/mysqldb/data
[ -d /data/mysqldb/log ] || mkdir -p /data/mysqldb/log
chown mysql.mysql /data1/mysqldb -R
cd /usr/bin
./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr --datadir=/data/mysqldb/data #迁移数据目录到/data1/mysqldb/data下可自行定制
cd $src_dircp ${src_dir}/my.cnf /etc
cd /var/lib
mv mysql /tmp
mkdir mysql
chown mysql.mysql mysql
service mysql start && echo "Mysql root password was empty.Please change when you login mysql."
ln -s /data/mysqldb/data/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #由于一些mysql工具默认到这里找mysql.sock所以做个软链3、注意事项 1>mysql服务的root密码为空，请自行修改root密码 或在脚本中添加以下行 在mysql迁移好目录启动后自动修改mysql root密码 |
mysqladmin -u root password "123.com"
原文：http://blog.51cto.com/shhlamp/2046130