saltstack三种运行模式：
local本地、master/minion（类似于agent）、salt ssh
saltstack三大功能：
远程执行、配置管理、云管理
saltstack安装：1、使用官方进行yum安装 2、自建yum源进行安装
node1：
wget https://repo.saltstack.com/yum/redhat/salt-repo-2017.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm yum install salt-repo-2017.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm yum clean expire-cache yum install salt-master salt-minion
修改minion配置：/etc/salt/minion
master： 指向master节点ip
node2：
wget https://repo.saltstack.com/yum/redhat/salt-repo-2017.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm yum install salt-repo-2017.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm yum clean expire-cache yum install salt-minion
修改minion配置：/etc/salt/minion
查看下配置文件：
[root@node1 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/salt/master [root@node1 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/salt/minion master: 192.168.44.134 [root@node2 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/salt/minion master: 192.168.44.134
启动两节点上的服务：
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-master start Starting salt-master daemon: [确定] [root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion start Starting salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK [root@node1 ~]# netstat -tunlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1265/sshd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4505 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2797/python2.7 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4506 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2803/python2.7 [root@node2 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion start Starting salt-minion:root:node2 daemon: OK
显示当前未连接上master的minion节点：
[root@node1 master]# tree . ├── master.pem ├── master.pub ├── minions ├── minions_autosign ├── minions_denied ├── minions_pre 还没有成为master的minion节点 │ ├── node1 │ └── node2 └── minions_rejected
[root@node1 master]# salt-key Accepted Keys: Denied Keys: Unaccepted Keys: 未同意的key有两个，node1和node2上的minion node1 node2 Rejected Keys:
[root@node1 master]# salt-key -a node* The following keys are going to be accepted: Unaccepted Keys: node1 node2 Proceed? [n/Y] Y Key for minion node1 accepted. Key for minion node2 accepted.
[root@node1 master]# tree . ├── master.pem ├── master.pub ├── minions │ ├── node1 │ └── node2 ├── minions_autosign ├── minions_denied ├── minions_pre └── minions_rejected salt-key： [root@node1 ~]# salt-key -L Accepted Keys: node1 node2 Denied Keys: Unaccepted Keys: Rejected Keys:
1、test.ping：类似于zabbix的agent的ping，test是一个模块，ping是模块中的方法
[root@node1 ~]# salt ‘*‘ test.ping
node2:
True
node1:
True
2、cmd.run：执行所有命令的模块
[root@node1 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "uptime"
node1:
12:04:22 up 2:32, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
node2:
12:04:22 up 23:28, 1 user, load average: 0.07, 0.02, 0.00
[root@node1 ~]# salt "*" cmd.run "df -h"
node2:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_node2-lv_root
16G 3.5G 12G 24% /
tmpfs 932M 12K 932M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 32M 429M 7% /boot
node1:
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_node1-lv_root
16G 2.9G 12G 20% /
tmpfs 932M 28K 932M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 32M 429M 7% /boot
[root@node1 salt]# salt ‘node1‘ grains.ls 列出所有的grains信息
node1:
- SSDs
- biosreleasedate
- biosversion
- cpu_flags
- cpu_model
- cpuarch
- disks
- dns
[root@node1 salt]# salt ‘node1‘ grains.item fqdn 获取某一个grains的item
node1:
----------
fqdn:
node1
或者使用get方法：
[root@node1 salt]# salt ‘node1‘ grains.get fqdn 获取某一个grains的值
node1:
node1
显示minion端的操作系统：
[root@node1 salt]# salt ‘node1‘ grains.get os 获取某一个grains的值
node1:
CentOS
在操作系统是CentOS上执行某命令：
[root@node1 salt]# salt -G os:CentOS cmd.run ‘w‘ -G：以grains类型作匹配
node1:
13:04:59 up 3:32, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root pts/0 192.168.44.1 11:42 0.00s 0.54s 0.35s /usr/bin/python
root pts/1 192.168.44.1 11:49 28:30 0.04s 0.04s -bash
node2:
13:04:59 up 1 day, 29 min, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root pts/0 192.168.44.1 11:42 28:36 0.08s 0.08s -bash
[root@node1 salt]# salt "*" grains.item roles 获取roles这个item的grains信息
node1:
----------
roles:
- webserver
- memcache
node2:
----------
roles:
grains存在于minion端的配置文件中，可以使用配置grains进行将minion打一个标签，然后通过使用grains进行匹配，执行某操作：
[root@node1 salt]# egrep -v "^$|^#" /etc/salt/minion
master: 192.168.44.134
grains:
roles:
- webserver
- memcache
修改了配置文件，需要重启才能生效：
[root@node1 salt]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart
Stopping salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK
Starting salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK
执行操作：
[root@node1 salt]# salt -G "roles:memcache" cmd.run ‘echo "hello node1"‘
node1:
hello node1
-G "roles:memcache"：匹配刚刚在minion端配置文件中的roles定义
当然如果不想将grains配置写在minion的配置文件中，那么可以将grains配置单独写在/etc/salt/grains中：匹配某一个minion端执行某一个命令
[root@node1 salt]# ll /etc/salt/grains，该grains需要事先进行创建 比如： [root@node1 salt]# cat /etc/salt/grains roles: nginx [root@node1 salt]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart Stopping salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK Starting salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK [root@node1 salt]# salt -G "roles:nginx" cmd.run ‘echo "node1 nginx"‘ No minions matched the target. No command was sent, no jid was assigned. ERROR: No return received
报错原因：/etc/salt/grains 改配置文件中的key为roles与minion中的key值roles一致，导致冲突了，修改该key就可以解决
[root@node1 salt]# cat /etc/salt/grains
web: nginx
[root@node1 salt]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart
Stopping salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK
Starting salt-minion:root:node1 daemon: OK
[root@node1 salt]# salt -G "web:nginx" cmd.run ‘echo "node1 nginx"‘
node1:
node1 nginx
pillar：只有在master配置文件中才会用到设置pillar
默认pillar没有打开
[root@node1 salt]# salt "*" pillar.items
node1:
----------
node2:
----------
需要在master配置文件中开启：
[root@node1 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/salt/master
file_roots:
base:
- /srv/salt
pillar_opts: True
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-master restart
Stopping salt-master daemon: [确定]
Starting salt-master daemon: [确定]
[root@node1 ~]# salt "*" pillar.items
node2:
----------
master:
----------
__role:
master
allow_minion_key_revoke:
pillar支持环境，base环境或其他，pillar也有一个入口目录，入口文件top file，top file必须放在base环境下面，打开base环境设置：
[root@node1 ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/salt/master
pillar_roots:
base:
- /srv/pillar
创建该文件：[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /srv/pillar
重启master服务：[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-master restart
[root@node1 pillar]# cat apache.sls
{% if grains[‘os‘] == ‘CentOS‘ %}
apache: httpd
{% elif grains[‘os‘] == ‘Debian‘ %}
apache: apache2
{% endif %}
[root@node1 pillar]# cat top.sls
base:
‘*‘:
- apache
将pillar的True再次修改为False，重启master，查看上面编写的sls文件是否已经生效
[root@node1 pillar]# salt ‘*‘ pillar.items
node2:
----------
apache:
httpd
node1:
----------
apache:
httpd
设置完了pillar，需要进行刷新才能够使用：
[root@node1 pillar]# salt ‘*‘ saltutil.refresh_pillar
node2:
True
node1:
True
[root@node1 pillar]# salt -I ‘apache:httpd‘ test.ping 刷新了才能调用pillar的设置，-I表示使用pillar匹配
node2:
True
node1:
True
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/jsonhc/p/7591118.html