公司刚使用nginx,预先学习下。鉴于机器没有Linux环境,在Windows熟悉下。
1)下载地址:
目前(2017-05-30),nginx的稳定版本是,在官网下载先,12.0
| 2017-04-25 | nginx-1.13.0 mainline version has been released. | 
| 2017-04-12 | nginx-1.12.0 stable version has been released, incorporating new features and bug fixes from the 1.11.x mainline branch - including variables support and other improvements in the stream module, HTTP/2 fixes, support for multiple SSL certificates of different types, improved dynamic modules support, and more. | 
这是一个zip文件,解压后即可使用(我是放在d:\)
绿色文件,无须安装,直接即可启动。
据我所知,3种启动途径,其实都类似:
一、双击nginx.exe图标,可见黑窗口一闪而过,启动完毕。
二、命令行到nginx目录,输入nginx启动。(注,此方式命令行窗口无任何提示,且被锁定)
三、命令行到nginx目录,输入start nginx启动,此方式不锁定
启动后,默认情况下(无修改配置),可见到有两个nginx的进程,1个是master process,1个是worker processes。

如果你在配置中配置2个worker_processes,进程中就可以看到1个是master process,2个是worker processes。
默认nginx部署了些静态内容,我们可通过它测试nginx是否在工作。
默认的配置文件(NGINX_HOME/conf/nginx.conf)如下:
 
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    #log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
    #                  ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
    #                  ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        #charset koi8-r;
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}
        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}
        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
        # concurs with nginx‘s one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;
    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}
}
通过观察配置文件的非注释项(参考Nginx配置文件nginx.conf中文详解),大概可知:
1、启动了1个worker processes
2、worker_connections,最大并发数为1024
3、include mime.types,引入mime.types文件所声明的文件扩展名与文件类型映射
4、application/octet-stream,默认使用application/octet-stream
5、sendfile,开启高效文件传输模式
6、监听本机“localhost”的80端口
7、映射目录为“当前目录的html目录”
8、出现500、502、503、504错误,则映射到50x.html
浏览地址http://localhost,即可访问其默认页面,即映射到NGINX_HOME/html/index.html
其他静态内容,如html、图片,可自行添加测试。
日志默认位于NGINX_HOME/logs/,可见:
1、access.log,访问日志
2、error.log,异常日志
3、nginx.pid,进程(仅在启动nginx后才有此日志)
转载:http://www.cnblogs.com/nick-huang/p/4638398.html
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaohouzai/p/6921767.html