nginx在生产环境中的应用越来越广泛，所以需要对nginx的性能状态做一些监控，来发现出来出现的问题。nginx处理流程图具体如下：
注释：Accepts（接受）、Handled（已处理）、Requests（请求数）是一直在增加的计数器。Active（活跃）、Waiting（等待）、Reading（读）、Writing（写）随着请求量而增减
名称 | 描述 | |
Accepts（接受） | NGINX 所接受的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Handled（已处理） | 成功的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Active（活跃） | 当前活跃的客户端连接数 | 资源: 功能 |
Dropped（已丢弃，计算得出） | 丢弃的连接数（接受 – 已处理） | 工作：错误* |
Requests（请求数） | 客户端请求数 | 工作：吞吐量 |
NGINX worker 进程接受 OS 的连接请求时 Accepts 计数器增加，而Handled 是当实际的请求得到连接时（通过建立一个新的连接或重新使用一个空闲的）。这两个计数器的值通常都是相同的，如果它们有差别则表明连接被Dropped， 往往这是由于资源限制，比如已经达到 NGINX 的worker_connections的限制。
首先nginx需要配置nginx_status 具体步骤是：在zabbix agentd客户端上，查看nginx是否加载了with-http_stub_status_module。因为zabbix监控nginx是根据nginx的Stub Status模块，抓取Status模块所提供的数据。假如以前没开启，现在想启用StubStatus 模块，在编译nginx 的时候要加上参数with-http_stub_status_module，执行./configure && make就可以了，不用make install，一般情况下都是安装的。
(一）配置nginx
1,查看nginx_status是否开启，查看已开启。
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.4.7 built by gcc 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC) TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module [root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]#
2，nginx_status开启的步骤：
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80 ;
server_name www.guojinbao.com;
rewrite ^/invitejoin/(.*)\.htm[l]?$ /register.shtml?$1 last;
index index.jsp index.html;
root /opt/home;
location = /nginx-status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 10.253.12.34;
####zabbix服务器端的IP地址一般为内网IP
}3，测试并启动nginx
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
4,用curl来进行测试：
[root@iZ237lzm354Z scripts]# curl www.guojinbao.com/nginx-status Active connections: 979 server accepts handled requests 756072922 756072922 1136799890 Reading: 0 Writing: 4 Waiting: 975
备注：
Active connections –对后端发起的活动连接数
server accepts handled requests — 总共处理了756072922个连接 , 成功创建 756072922次握手, 总共处理了1136799890个请求
Reading — nginx读取客户端的连接(header)数.
Writing — nginx返回给客户端的header数
waiting — nginx 请求处理完成，正在等待下一请求指令的连接。（开启 keep-alive 的情况下,这个值等于 active – (reading+writing), 意思就是 Nginx 已经处理完正在等候下一次请求指令的驻留连接。在访问效率很高，请求很快被处理完毕的情况下，Waiting 数比较多是正常的。如果 reading + writing 数较多，则说明并发访问量很大，正在处理过程中）
(二)配置zabbix_agentd
1，编写脚步来获取nginx的相关信息
[root@ittestserver1 opt]# vim /usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh #!/bin/bash ################################## # Zabbix monitoring script # # nginx: # - anything available via nginx stub-status module # ################################## # Contact: # vincent.viallet@gmail.com # Zabbix requested parameter ZBX_REQ_DATA="$1" ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL="$2" # Nginx defaults NGINX_STATUS_DEFAULT_URL="www.guojinbao.com/nginx-status" #(这里写网站的域名) WGET_BIN="/usr/bin/wget" # # Error handling: # - need to be displayable in Zabbix (avoid NOT_SUPPORTED) # - items need to be of type "float" (allow negative + float) # ERROR_NO_ACCESS_FILE="-0.9900" ERROR_NO_ACCESS="-0.9901" ERROR_WRONG_PARAM="-0.9902" ERROR_DATA="-0.9903" # either can not connect / bad host / bad port # Handle host and port if non-default if [ ! -z "$ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL" ]; then URL="$ZBX_REQ_DATA_URL" else URL="$NGINX_STATUS_DEFAULT_URL" fi # save the nginx stats in a variable for future parsing NGINX_STATS=$($WGET_BIN -q $URL -O - 2> /dev/null) # error during retrieve if [ $? -ne 0 -o -z "$NGINX_STATS" ]; then echo $ERROR_DATA exit 1 fi # # Extract data from nginx stats # case $ZBX_REQ_DATA in active_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | head -1 | cut -f3 -d‘ ‘;; accepted_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f2 -d‘ ‘;; handled_connections) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f3 -d‘ ‘;; handled_requests) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | grep -Ev ‘[a-zA-Z]‘ | cut -f4 -d‘ ‘;; reading) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f2 -d‘ ‘;; writing) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f4 -d‘ ‘;; waiting) echo "$NGINX_STATS" | tail -1 | cut -f6 -d‘ ‘;; *) echo $ERROR_WRONG_PARAM; exit 1;; esac exit 0 [root@ittestserver1 opt]# chmod +x /usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh -rw-r--r-x1 root root 1645 2月 4 14:26/usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh
2,配置zabbix_agentd.conf。启用UserParameter，并配置相关的参数。
[root@ittestserver1 opt]# vim /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
####### USER-DEFINED MONITORED PARAMETERS #######
### Option: UnsafeUserParameters
# Allow all characters to be passed in arguments to user-defined parameters.
# The following characters are not allowed:
# \ ‘ " ` * ? [ ] { } ~ $ ! & ; ( ) < > | # @
# Additionally, newline characters are not allowed.
# 0 - do not allow
# 1 - allow
#
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-1
# Default:
# UnsafeUserParameters=0
UnsafeUserParameters=1
### Option: UserParameter
# User-defined parameter to monitor. There can be several user-defined parameters.
# Format: UserParameter=<key>,<shell command>
# See ‘zabbix_agentd‘ directory for examples.
#
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# UserParameter=
UserParameter=nginx[*],/usr/local/zabbix/scripts/nginx-check_performance.sh "$1"3，重启zabbix_agentd客户端
[root@zabbix ~]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart Shutting down zabbix_agentd: [ OK ] Starting zabbix_agentd: [ OK ] [root@zabbix ~]#
4，在zabbix服务端（server）进行测试。
[root@zabbix ~]# zabbix_get -s 10.253.17.20 -p 10050 -k "nginx[reading]" 0 [root@zabbix ~]#
（三）在网页上配置nginx模板的相关监控
1，登录zabbix界面，依次点击：配置（configuration）---模板（template）---导入（import）
2,给主机添加模板：选择主机---nginx服务器主机---模板---选择（刚刚导入的nginx性能状态的模板）---添加---更新
3，查看nginx监控的最新数据：监控中---图形---选择相应的监控类型。
Active：当前活跃的连接数。
Accepts:接受的请求数
Handled:处理的请求数（正常服务器响应，这两项应该是可以相等的）
Requests:客户端处理的请求数。（吞吐量）
Reading:当接收到请求时，连接离开 Waiting 状态，并且该请求本身使 Reading 状态计数增加。在这种状态下 NGINX 会读取客户端请求首部。请求首部是比较小的，因此这通常是一个快速的操作。
Writing:请求被读取之后，其使 Writing 状态计数增加，并保持在该状态，直到响应返回给客户端。这意味着，该请求在 Writing 状态时， 一方面 NGINX 等待来自上游系统的结果（系统放在 NGINX “后面”），另外一方面，NGINX 也在同时响应。请求往往会在 Writing 状态花费大量的时间。
Waiting:活跃的连接也可以处于 Waiting 子状态，如果有在此刻没有活跃请求的话。新连接可以绕过这个状态并直接变为到 Reading 状态，最常见的是在使用“accept filter（接受过滤器）” 和 “deferred accept（延迟接受）”时，在这种情况下，NGINX 不会接收 worker 进程的通知，直到它具有足够的数据才开始响应。如果连接设置为 keep-alive ，那么它在发送响应后将处于等待状态
备注：nginx模板脚本
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<zabbix_export>
<version>2.0</version>
<date>2013-03-26T04:17:58Z</date>
<groups>
<group>
<name>Templates</name>
</group>
</groups>
<templates>
<template>
<template>Template_Nginx</template>
<name>Template_Nginx</name>
<groups>
<group>
<name>Templates</name>
</group>
</groups>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<items>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[waiting,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>0</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[writing,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>0</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[active_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>0</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[reading,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>0</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1/sec</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[handled_requests,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>1</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1/sec</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[accepted_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>1</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Nginx $1/sec</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community/>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid/>
<key>nginx[handled_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
<delay>60</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>0</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>1</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications>
<application>
<name>Nginx</name>
</application>
</applications>
<valuemap/>
</item>
<item>
<name>Number of $1 process</name>
<type>0</type>
<snmp_community>public</snmp_community>
<multiplier>0</multiplier>
<snmp_oid>interfaces.ifTable.ifEntry.ifInOctets.1</snmp_oid>
<key>proc.num[nginx]</key>
<delay>300</delay>
<history>30</history>
<trends>365</trends>
<status>0</status>
<value_type>3</value_type>
<allowed_hosts/>
<units/>
<delta>0</delta>
<snmpv3_securityname/>
<snmpv3_securitylevel>0</snmpv3_securitylevel>
<snmpv3_authpassphrase/>
<snmpv3_privpassphrase/>
<formula>1</formula>
<delay_flex/>
<params/>
<ipmi_sensor/>
<data_type>0</data_type>
<authtype>0</authtype>
<username/>
<password/>
<publickey/>
<privatekey/>
<port/>
<description/>
<inventory_link>0</inventory_link>
<applications/>
<valuemap/>
</item>
</items>
<discovery_rules/>
<macros>
<macro>
<macro>{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}</macro>
<value>http://127.0.0.1:10061/nginx_status</value>
</macro>
</macros>
<templates/>
<screens/>
</template>
</templates>
<triggers>
<trigger>
<expression>{Template_Nginx:proc.num[nginx].last(0)}=0</expression>
<name>Nginx is not running on {HOSTNAME}</name>
<url/>
<status>0</status>
<priority>4</priority>
<description>Nginx is not running.
It has been stopped / shutdown or has crashed.
Check on the server for more details:
- w / last
- dmesg logs
- /var/log/messages
- nginx error logs</description>
<type>0</type>
<dependencies/>
</trigger>
</triggers>
<graphs>
<graph>
<name>Nginx - Connections and Requests status</name>
<width>900</width>
<height>200</height>
<yaxismin>0.0000</yaxismin>
<yaxismax>100.0000</yaxismax>
<show_work_period>0</show_work_period>
<show_triggers>0</show_triggers>
<type>0</type>
<show_legend>1</show_legend>
<show_3d>0</show_3d>
<percent_left>0.0000</percent_left>
<percent_right>0.0000</percent_right>
<ymin_type_1>1</ymin_type_1>
<ymax_type_1>0</ymax_type_1>
<ymin_item_1>0</ymin_item_1>
<ymax_item_1>0</ymax_item_1>
<graph_items>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>0</sortorder>
<drawtype>1</drawtype>
<color>FF9999</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[accepted_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>1</sortorder>
<drawtype>2</drawtype>
<color>990000</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[handled_connections,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>2</sortorder>
<drawtype>0</drawtype>
<color>009900</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[handled_requests,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
</graph_items>
</graph>
<graph>
<name>Nginx - Threads status</name>
<width>900</width>
<height>200</height>
<yaxismin>0.0000</yaxismin>
<yaxismax>100.0000</yaxismax>
<show_work_period>0</show_work_period>
<show_triggers>0</show_triggers>
<type>1</type>
<show_legend>1</show_legend>
<show_3d>0</show_3d>
<percent_left>0.0000</percent_left>
<percent_right>0.0000</percent_right>
<ymin_type_1>1</ymin_type_1>
<ymax_type_1>0</ymax_type_1>
<ymin_item_1>0</ymin_item_1>
<ymax_item_1>0</ymax_item_1>
<graph_items>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>0</sortorder>
<drawtype>1</drawtype>
<color>990000</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[writing,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>1</sortorder>
<drawtype>1</drawtype>
<color>999900</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[reading,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
<graph_item>
<sortorder>2</sortorder>
<drawtype>1</drawtype>
<color>009900</color>
<yaxisside>0</yaxisside>
<calc_fnc>4</calc_fnc>
<type>0</type>
<item>
<host>Template_Nginx</host>
<key>nginx[waiting,{$NGINX_STATUS_URL}]</key>
</item>
</graph_item>
</graph_items>
</graph>
</graphs>
</zabbix_export>本文出自 “清风明月” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://liqingbiao.blog.51cto.com/3044896/1894902
原文：http://liqingbiao.blog.51cto.com/3044896/1894902