队列是插入只能在一端(后端),删除只能在另一端(前端)的线性表,是先进先出模型。
1. 入队:在表的末端插入;
2. 出队:在表的开头删除元素;
汽车加油站
模拟打印机缓冲区
CPU分时系统、计算机网络
打印杨辉三角
1. fatal.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define Error( Str )   FatalError( Str )
#define FatalError( Str )   fprintf( stderr, "%s\n", Str ),system("puase"),getchar(),exit( 1 )
2.queue.h
#include <stdio.h> typedef int ElementType; #ifndef _Queue_h struct QueueRecord; typedef struct QueueRecord *Queue; int IsEmpty(Queue Q); int IsFull(Queue Q); Queue CreateQueue(int MaxElements); void DisposeQueue(Queue Q); void MakeEmpty(Queue Q); void Enqueue(ElementType X, Queue Q); ElementType Front(Queue Q); void Dequeue(Queue Q); ElementType FrontAndDequeue(Queue Q); #endif
3.queue.c
#include "queue.h"
#include "fatal.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MinQueueSize (5)
struct QueueRecord
{
	int Capacity;
	int Front;
	int Rear;
	int Size;
	ElementType *Array;
};
int IsEmpty(Queue Q)
{
	return Q->Size == 0;
}
Queue CreateQueue(int MaxElements)
{
	Queue Q;
	if (MaxElements < MinQueueSize)
	{
		Error("Queue is too small\n");
	}
	Q = malloc(sizeof(struct QueueRecord));
	if (Q==NULL)
	{
		FatalError("out of space!!!");
	}
	Q->Array = malloc(sizeof(ElementType)*MaxElements);
	if (Q->Array == NULL)
	{
		FatalError("out of space!!!");
	}
	Q->Capacity = MaxElements;
	MakeEmpty(Q);
	return Q;
}
int IsFull(Queue Q)
{
	return Q->Size == Q->Capacity;
}
void MakeEmpty(Queue Q)
{
	Q->Size = 0;
	Q->Front = 1;
	Q->Rear = 0;
}
ElementType Front(Queue Q)
{
	if (!IsEmpty(Q))
	{
		return Q->Array[Q->Front];
	}
	Error("Empty Queue\n");
	return 0;
}
static int Succ(int Value, Queue Q)
{
	if (++Value==Q->Capacity)
	{
		Value = 0;
	}
	return Value;
}
void Enqueue(ElementType X, Queue Q)
{
	if (IsFull(Q))
	{
		Error("Full Queue\n");
	}
	else
	{
		Q->Size++;
		Q->Rear = Succ(Q->Rear, Q);
		Q->Array[Q->Rear] = X;
	}
}
void Dequeue(Queue Q)
{
	if (!IsEmpty(Q))
	{
		Q->Size--;
		Q->Front = Succ(Q->Front, Q);
	}
	else
	{
		Error("Empty Queue\n");
	}
}
ElementType FrontAndDequeue(Queue Q)
{
	ElementType X = 0;
	if (IsEmpty(Q))
	{
		Error("Empty Queue\n");
	}
	else
	{
		Q->Size--;
		X = Q->Array[Q->Front];
		Q->Front = Succ(Q->Front, Q);
	}
	return X;
}
void DisposeQueue(Queue Q)
{
	if (Q!=NULL)
	{
		free(Q->Array);
		free(Q);
		Q = NULL;
	}
}
4.testqueue.c
#include "queue.h"
#include "fatal.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main()
{
	Queue Q;
	Q = CreateQueue(10);
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		Enqueue(i, Q);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		ElementType data = Front(Q);
		printf("%d\t", data);
		Dequeue(Q);
	}
	printf("\n\n");
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
		Enqueue(i, Q);
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		ElementType data = FrontAndDequeue(Q);
		printf("%d\t", data);
	}
	printf("\n\n");
	DisposeQueue(Q);
	system("pause");
}
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/my-cat/p/5971935.html