https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines is published by the World Health Organization (WHO). The first list, published in 1977, included 204 pharmaceutical drugs.[1] The WHO updates the list every two years. The WHO later added a separate WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children up to 12 years of age.
As of 2016, at least 156 countries have created national lists of essential medicines based on the WHO‘s model list.[2] The national lists contain between 334 and 580 medications.[3]
In the United States, price increases up to 50 times, starting in 2004, have made many first-line drugs on the list, such as pyrimethamine and albendazole, unaffordable for low-income people. These drugs are still available at lower prices outside the U.S.[4]
In April 2015, the WHO published the 19th edition of the adult list and 5th edition of the list for children.[5][6] The following list is based on the 19th edition of the adult list:
Anaesthetics
General anaesthetics and oxygen
Inhalational medicines
Injectable medicines
Local anaesthetics
Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures
Medicines for pain and palliative care
Nonopioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Opioid analgesics
Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care
Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis
Antidotes and other substances used in poisonings
Nonspecific
Specific
Anticonvulsive medication
Anti-infective medicines
Antihelminthics
Intestinal antihelminthics
Antifilarials
Antischistosomals and other antinematode medicines
Antibacterials
Beta Lactam medicines
Other antibacterials
Antileprosy medicines
Antituberculosis medicines
Antifungal medicines
Antiviral medicines
Antiherpes medicines
Antiretrovirals
Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Fixed-dose combinations
Other antivirals
Antihepatitis medicines
Medicines for hepatitis B
- —Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Medicines for hepatitis C
- —Nucleotide polymerase inhibitors
- —Protease inhibitors
- —NS5A inhibitors
- —Non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitors
- —Other antivirals
- —Fixed-dose combinations
Antiprotozoal medicines
Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines
Antileishmaniasis medicines
Antimalarial medicines
For curative treatment
For prevention
Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines
Antitrypanosomal medicines
African trypanosomiasis
Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis
Medicines for the treatment of second stage African trypanosomiasis
American trypanosomiasis
Antimigraine medicines
Acute attack
Prevention
Antineoplastic and immunosuppressives
Immunosuppressive medicines
Cytotoxic and adjuvant medicines
Hormones and antihormones
Antiparkinsonism medicines
Medicines affecting the blood
Antianaemia medicines
Medicines affecting coagulation
Other medicines for haemoglobinopathies
Blood products and plasma substitutes of human origin
Blood and blood components
Plasma-derived medicines
Human immunoglobulins
Blood coagulation factors
Plasma substitutes
Cardiovascular medicines
Antianginal medicines
Antiarrhythmic medicines
Antihypertensive medicines
Medicines used in heart failure
Antithrombotic medicines
Anti-platelet medicines
Thrombolytic medicines
Lipid-lowering agents
Dermatological (topical)
Antifungal medicines
Anti-infective medicines
Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines
Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation
Scabicides and pediculicides
Diagnostic agents
Ophthalmic medicines
Radiocontrast media
Disinfectants and antiseptics
Antiseptics
Disinfectants
Diuretics
Gastrointestinal medicines
Antiulcer medicines
Antiemetic medicines
Anti-inflammatory medicines
Laxatives
Medicines used in diarrhea
Oral rehydration
Medicines for diarrhea in children
Hormones, other endocrine medicines, and contraceptives
Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes
Androgens
Contraceptives
Oral hormonal contraceptives
Injectable hormonal contraceptives
Intrauterine devices
Barrier methods
Implantable contraceptives
Intravaginal contraceptives
Estrogens
Insulins and other medicines used for diabetes
Ovulation inducers
Progestogens
Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines
Immunologicals
Diagnostic agents
Sera and immunoglobulins
Vaccines
Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors
Eye preparations
Anti-infective agents
Anti-inflammatory agents
Local anesthetics
Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines
Mydriatics
Anti vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
Oxytocics and antioxytocics
Oxytocics and Abortifacients
Antioxytocics (tocolytics)
Peritoneal dialysis solution
Medicines for mental and behavioural disorders
Medicines used in psychotic disorders
Medicines used in mood disorders
Medicines used in depressive disorders
Medicines used in bipolar disorders
Medicines for anxiety disorders
Medicines used for obsessive compulsive disorders
Medicines for disorders due to psychoactive substance use
Medicines acting on the respiratory tract
Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Solutions correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances
Oral
Parenteral
Miscellaneous
Vitamins and minerals
Ear, nose and throat medicines in children
Specific medicines for neonatal care
Medicines administered to the neonate
Medicines administered to the mother
Medicines for diseases of joints
Medicines used to treat gout
Disease-modifying agents used in rheumatoid disorders
Juvenile joint diseases
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 世界卫生组织珍贵药清单
原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/biopy/p/5794661.html
