在新增的Concurrent包中，BlockingQueue很好的解决了多线程中，如何高效安全“传输”数据的问题。通过这些高效并且线程安全的队列类，为我们快速搭建高质量的多线程程序带来极大的便利。本文详细介绍了BlockingQueue家庭中的所有成员，包括他们各自的功能以及常见使用场景。
如上图所示：当队列中没有数据的情况下，消费者端的所有线程都会被自动阻塞（挂起），直到有数据放入队列。
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
/**
* @author jackyuj
*/
public class BlockingQueueTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// 声明一个容量为10的缓存队列
BlockingQueue<String> queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<String>(10);
Producer producer1 = new Producer(queue);
Producer producer2 = new Producer(queue);
Producer producer3 = new Producer(queue);
Consumer consumer = new Consumer(queue);
// 借助Executors
ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
// 启动线程
service.execute(producer1);
service.execute(producer2);
service.execute(producer3);
service.execute(consumer);
// 执行10s
Thread.sleep(10 * 1000);
producer1.stop();
producer2.stop();
producer3.stop();
Thread.sleep(2000);
// 退出Executor
service.shutdown();
}
}import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
/**
* 消费者线程
*
* @author jackyuj
*/
public class Consumer implements Runnable {
public Consumer(BlockingQueue<String> queue) {
this.queue = queue;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("启动消费者线程！");
Random r = new Random();
boolean isRunning = true;
try {
while (isRunning) {
System.out.println("正从队列获取数据...");
String data = queue.poll(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if (null != data) {
System.out.println("拿到数据：" + data);
System.out.println("正在消费数据：" + data);
Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP));
} else {
// 超过2s还没数据，认为所有生产线程都已经退出，自动退出消费线程。
isRunning = false;
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
} finally {
System.out.println("退出消费者线程！");
}
}
private BlockingQueue<String> queue;
private static final int DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP = 1000;
}
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
/**
* 生产者线程
*
* @author jackyuj
*/
public class Producer implements Runnable {
public Producer(BlockingQueue queue) {
this.queue = queue;
}
public void run() {
String data = null;
Random r = new Random();
System.out.println("启动生产者线程！");
try {
while (isRunning) {
System.out.println("正在生产数据...");
Thread.sleep(r.nextInt(DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP));
data = "data:" + count.incrementAndGet();
System.out.println("将数据：" + data + "放入队列...");
if (!queue.offer(data, 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
System.out.println("放入数据失败：" + data);
}
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
} finally {
System.out.println("退出生产者线程！");
}
}
public void stop() {
isRunning = false;
}
private volatile boolean isRunning = true;
private BlockingQueue queue;
private static AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
private static final int DEFAULT_RANGE_FOR_SLEEP = 1000;
}原文：http://blog.csdn.net/nly19900820/article/details/51166721