1. 关于Java Enum: 学过C/C++等语言的人,应该都对Enum类型略知一二。Enum一般用来表示一组相同类型的常量。如性别、日期、月份、颜色等。对这些属性用常量的好处是显而易见的,不仅可以保证单例,且比较时候可以用”==”来替换equals。是一种好的习惯。JDK1.5之前没有Enum这个类型,那时候一般用接口常量来替代。有了JavaEnum之后,可以更贴近的表示这种常量。
2. 如何使用Java Enum 简单的用法:JavaEnum简单的用法一般用于代表一组常用常量,可用来代表一类相同类型的常量值。如:
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性别: public
enum SexEnum { male, female; } 颜色: public
enum Color { RED, BLUE,GREEN,BLACK; } |
枚举对象里面的值都必须是唯一的。
可以通过Enum类型名直接引用该常量,如SexEnum.male,Color.RED.
复杂用法:Java为枚举类型提供了一些内置的方法,同事枚举常量还可以有自己的方法。可以很方便的遍历枚举对象,看个下面的例子:
1. 代码一 WeekDay.java:
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public enum WeekDay { Mon( "Monday" ), Tue( "Tuesday" ), Wed( "Wednesday" ), Thu( "Thursday" ), Fri( "Friday" ), Sat( "Saturday" ), Sun( "Sunday" ); private
final String day; private
WeekDay(String day) { this .day = day; } public
static void printDay( int
i){ switch (i){ case 1 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Mon); break ; case 2 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Tue); break ; case 3 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Wed); break ; case 4 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Thu); break ; case 5 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Fri); break ; case 6 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Sat); break ; case 7 : System.out.println(WeekDay.Sun); break ; default :System.out.println( "wrong number!" ); } } public
String getDay() { return
day; } } 2 . 代码二 WeekDayTest.java: public
class WeekDayTest { public
static void main(String args[]) { for (WeekDay day : WeekDay.values()) { System.out.println(day + "====>"
+ day.getDay()); } WeekDay.printDay( 5 ); } } 输出结果为: Mon====>Monday Tue====>Tuesday Wed====>Wednesday Thu====>Thursday Fri====>Friday Sat====>Saturday Sun====>Sunday Fri |
3. Java Enum原理
Java Enum类型的语法结构尽管和java类的语法不一样,应该说差别比较大。但是经过编译器编译之后产生的是一个class文件。该class文件经过反编译可以看到实际上是生成了一个类,该类继承了java.lang.Enum<E>.
WeekDay经过反编译(javap WeekDay命令)之后得到的内容如下(去掉了汇编代码):
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public final class WeekDay extends
java.lang.Enum{ public static final WeekDay Mon; public static final WeekDay Tue; public static final WeekDay Wed; public static final WeekDay Thu; public
static final WeekDay Fri; public
static final WeekDay Sat; public
static final WeekDay Sun; static
{}; public
static void printDay( int ); public
java.lang.String getDay(); public
static WeekDay[] values(); public
static WeekDay valueOf(java.lang.String); } |
所以实际上Enum类型就是以Java类来实现的,没有什么新的特点,只不过java编译器帮我们做了语法的解析和编译。完全也可以自己实现。但是既然有这样方便一个东西,当然会去用了。
使用实例:
1》:以Class定义的
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public class PCUEnum { public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out .println(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.get(PCUEnum.TaskStatus.DELETED)); } public enum TaskStatus { / / 1 :等待执行 2 :正在执行 3 :执行完毕 4 :执行失败 5 :暂停 100 :已经删除 101 :已经送审 NOTINQUEUE,WAITING, EXECUTING, EXECUTED, FAILED, SUSPEND, DELETED,WAITING_AUDIT; public
static int get(TaskStatus s) { int result = 0 ; switch
(s) { case
NOTINQUEUE: result= 0 ; break ; case
WAITING: result = 1 ; break ; case
EXECUTING: result = 2 ; break ; case
EXECUTED: result = 3 ; break ; case
FAILED: result = 4 ; break ; case
SUSPEND: result = 5 ; break ; case
DELETED: result = 100 ; break ; case
WAITING_AUDIT: result = 101 ; break ; } return
result; } } } |
1.1》:以类为实例:
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public class EnumClass { enum explore { HERE, THERE } enum
WeekDay { Mon( "Monday" ), Tue( "Tuesday" ), Wed( "Wednesday" ), Thu( "Thursday" ), Fri( "Friday" ), Sat( "Saturday" ), Sun( "Sunday" ), Wro( "Wrong day" ); private
String day; WeekDay(String day){ this .day = day; } public String getDay() { return
day; } } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(EnumClass.explore.HERE); System.out.println( "--------" ); for (EnumClass.WeekDay day : EnumClass.WeekDay.values()) { System.out.println(day.getDay()); } } } |
2》:以Enum定义的
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package
com.zhou.test; public enum TaskEnumStatus { NOTINQUEUE( 1 ),WAITING( 2 ), EXECUTING( 3 ), EXECUTED( 4 ), FAILED( 5 ), SUSPEND( 6 ), DELETED( 7 ),WAITING_AUDIT( 8 ); private
int
i; private
TaskEnumStatus( int
i) { this .i = i; } public
int getEnumStatus() { return
i; } } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE + "="
+ TaskEnumStatus.NOTINQUEUE.getEnumStatus()); } |
2.1》:以Enum定义
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public enum UserStatusEnum { DISABLE( "disable" ), ENABLE( "enable" ); private
String value; UserStatusEnum(String value){ this .value = value; } public
String getValue() { return
value; } public
String toString() { return
value; } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(UserStatusEnum.DISABLE); } } |
2.2》:以Enum定义
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public enum NumberEnum { CONST_FOUR( 4 ), CONST_ENIGHT( 8 ), CONST_NINE( 999999 ); private
final int value; NumberEnum( int
value) { this .value = value; } public
int getValue() { return
value; } public
static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(NumberEnum.CONST_ENIGHT.getValue()); } } |
原文地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_52fea7b60100phjl.html
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原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/gxbk629/p/3649450.html