日期：2015/10/20 - 2015/10/27 time 13:43
主机：n86
目的：初探oVirt-测试restful-api
操作内容：
一、示例
1、列出资源，使用GET方法
######### 列出所有vm的资源（请注意，输出是 XML 格式） #########
【实例】获取所有的vm的信息
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -X GET https://e01.test/api/vms -o all.xml
######### 列出指定vm名称为“test02”（使用test02的uuid）的资源 #########
【实例】获取test02的信息
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -X GET https://e01.test/api/vms/7f64702f-9b6d-42cf-b899-4a506bd50d57
2、创建资源，POST方法
######### 新建一个VM #########
【实例】创建vm：test03，指定集群和模版名称
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -d ‘
<vm>
<name>test03</name>
<cluster><name>Host-Only</name></cluster>
<template><name>centos6u5x64-small-01</name></template>
</vm>
‘ ‘https://e01.test/api/vms‘ -o test03.xml
3、更新资源，PUT方法
【实例】更新test02的VM名称字段
[root@n86 ~]# echo ‘<vm><name>test02-renamed</name></vm>‘ >/tmp/upload.xml
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -T /tmp/upload.xml ‘https://e01.test/api/vms/7f64702f-9b6d-42cf-b899-4a506bd50d57‘ -o test02.xml
4、移除资源，DELETE方法
【实例】
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -X DELETE ‘https://e01.test/api/vms/0d261c5d-ea5b-4184-bf7a-a7d18c14a45a‘
二、脚本示例
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@n86 bin]# cat ovirt_api.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
# 2015/10/23
# __version__=‘0.2.3‘
#
DEBUG=0
## ovirt engine 信息
oe_url=‘https://e01.test/api‘
oe_user=‘admin@internal‘
oe_password=‘TestVM‘
## curl 运行时固有的参数
curl_opts=‘curl -s --cacert ca.crt‘
## 列出所有的 vm
function vm_list() {
local s_vm_name=$1
local f_xml="vms.xml"
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" "${oe_url}/vms" -o ${f_xml}
return 0
}
## 获取 vm id
function vm_uuid() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
local f_xml="vms.xml"
vm_list
s_vm_id=`grep -A 1 "<name>${s_vm_name}</name>" ${f_xml} |grep ‘href=‘ |cut -d‘"‘ -f2 |cut -d‘/‘ -f4`
if [ -z ${s_vm_id} ]; then
echo ‘[ERROR] Not found: VM id‘
exit 1
fi
return 0
}
## 获取 vm 的状态
function vm_state() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.state.xml"
local state=‘unknown‘
echo -e ‘--------------------------------\n‘
echo -n ‘Waiting..‘
while true
do
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}" -o ${f_xml}
state=`sed -nr ‘s/(.*)<state>(.*)<\/state>(.*)/\2/p‘ ${f_xml}`
case ${state} in
down)
echo ‘ vm is down.‘
break
;;
up)
echo ‘ vm is up.‘
break
;;
*)
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 1 ] && echo " vm state: ${state}" || echo -n ‘.‘
sleep 1
esac
done
echo -e ‘--------------------------------\n‘
echo "vm: ${s_vm_name}, id: ${s_vm_id}"
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
exit 0
}
## 检查 curl 请求返回的结果
function check_fault() {
local f_xml=$1
grep ‘fault‘ ${f_xml} >/dev/null
local r1=$?
grep ‘Request syntactically incorrect‘ ${f_xml} >/dev/null
local r2=$?
if [ $r1 -eq 0 ]; then
echo "result: failed"
echo "reason: `sed -nr ‘s/(.*)<reason>(.*)<\/reason>(.*)/\2/p‘ ${f_xml}`"
echo "detail: `sed -nr ‘s/(.*)<detail>(.*)<\/detail>(.*)/\2/p‘ ${f_xml}`"
exit 1
fi
if [ $r2 -eq 0 ]; then
echo ‘result: Request syntactically incorrect‘
exit 2
fi
state=`sed -nr ‘s/(.*)<state>(.*)<\/state>(.*)/\2/p‘ ${f_xml}`
echo "result: ${state}"
return 0
}
## 启动 vm
function vm_start() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.start.xml"
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -d "
<action>
<vm>
<status>start</status>
</vm>
</action>
" "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 停止 vm
function vm_stop() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.stop.xml"
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -d "
<action>
<vm>
<status>stop</status>
</vm>
</action>
" "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/stop" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 删除 vm
function vm_delete() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.delete.xml"
${curl_opts} -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -X DELETE "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 只运行一次，使用固定的模版配置 cloud-init
function vm_runonce() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.runonce.xml"
local s_vm_password="$2"
local s_vm_ip="$3"
local s_vm_netmask="$4"
local s_vm_gateway="$5"
local s_vm_dns="$6"
local tpl_cloud_init="
<action>
<vm>
<initialization>
<cloud_init>
<host>
<address>${s_vm_name}</address>
</host>
<users>
<user>
<user_name>root</user_name>
<password>${s_vm_password}</password>
</user>
</users>
<regenerate_ssh_keys>true</regenerate_ssh_keys>
<network_configuration>
<nics>
<nic>
<name>eth0</name>
<boot_protocol>static</boot_protocol>
<network>
<ip address=\"${s_vm_ip}\" netmask=\"${s_vm_netmask}\" gateway=\"${s_vm_gateway}\"/>
</network>
<on_boot>true</on_boot>
</nic>
</nics>
<dns>
<servers>
<host>
<address>${s_vm_dns}</address>
</host>
</servers>
</dns>
</network_configuration>
</cloud_init>
</initialization>
</vm>
</action>
"
# 仅用作调试，输出 cloud-init 的 xml 文件
local f_xml_init="${s_vm_name}.cloud-init.xml"
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 1 ] && echo "${tpl_cloud_init}" >${f_xml_init}
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -d "${tpl_cloud_init}" "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 只运行一次，使用指定的模版
function vm_runonce_tpl() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.runonce.xml"
local tpl_cloud_init="`cat $2`"
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -d "${tpl_cloud_init}" "${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
}
## 从模版创建 VM ，不是(Clone/Independent)，而是(Thin/Dependent)
function vm_create_from_tpl() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
local s_tpl_name=$2
local s_cluster_name=$3
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.create.xml"
${curl_opts} -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" -d "
<vm>
<name>${s_vm_name}</name>
<cluster><name>${s_cluster_name}</name></cluster>
<template><name>${s_tpl_name}</name></template>
</vm>
" "${oe_url}/vms" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## Usage
function usage() {
echo "
usage: $0 [list|start|stop|delete|create|init|init-tpl] vm_name
列出所有的VM： list
启动VM： start [vm_name]
停止VM： stop [vm_name]
删除VM： delete [vm_name]
创建VM： create [vm_name template cluster]
只运行一次： init [vm_name root_password vm_ip vm_netmask vm_gateway vm_dns]
只运行一次（指定模版）： init-tpl [vm_name template-file]
"
exit 1
}
## Main
s_action=$1
s_vm_name=$2
## $3 to $7 预留给 vm_runonce_tpl
case ${s_action} in
list)
vm_list
sed -nr ‘s/<name>(.*)<\/name>/\1/p‘ vms.xml |sed ‘s/\ //g‘
;;
start|stop)
vm_${s_action} ${s_vm_name}
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
delete)
vm_${s_action} ${s_vm_name}
;;
create)
vm_create_from_tpl ${s_vm_name} ‘tpl-s1‘ ‘Host-Only‘
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
init)
if [ ! $# -eq 7 ]; then
usage
fi
vm_runonce ${s_vm_name} $3 $4 $5 $6 $7
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
init-tpl)
if [ ! $# -eq 3 ]; then
usage
fi
vm_runonce_tpl ${s_vm_name} $3
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
*)
usage
;;
esac
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZYXW、参考
1、docs
http://www.ovirt.org/REST-Api
http://www.ovirt.org/Features/Cloud-Init_Integration
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/zh-CN/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Virtualization/3.5/html-single/Technical_Guide/index.html#chap-REST_API_Quick_Start_Example原文：http://nosmoking.blog.51cto.com/3263888/1706734