Spring MVC的Controller用于处理用户的请求。Controller相当于Struts 1里的Action,他们的实现机制、运行原理都类似。
Controller是个接口,一般直接继承AbstrcatController,并实现handleRequestInternal方法。handleRequestInternal方法相当于Struts 1的execute方法。
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ String action =request.getParameter("action"); if("list".equals(action)){ returnthis.list(request,response); } } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute("catList", catList); returnnew ModelAndView("cat/listCat"); } }
Spring MVC没有内置数据的封装,开发者可以自己封装数据转换代码。
Spring MVC独特的地方在于view层的处理上。handleRequestInternal返回ModelAndView对象,可以看做是对JSP对象的封装。ModelAndIView直接接受JSP页面的路径。例如参数"cat/listCat",只是JSP路径的一部分,实际完整的路径是"WEB-INF/jsp/cat/catList.jsp",路径前后的部分是配置在配置文件中的。
除了制定JSP路径,ModelAndView还可以直接传递Model对象到View层,而不用事先放到request中,例如new ModelAndView("cat/listCat","cat",cat),如果传递多个参数,可以使用Map,如
Map map = new HashMap(); map.put("cat",cat); map.put("catList",catList); return new ModelAndView("cat/listCat",map);
一般使用一个独立的xml文件如spring-action.xml专门配置web相关的组件
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DCTYPEbeans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value><!-- JSP前缀-->
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value> <!-- JSP后缀-->
</property>
<!-- 配置URL Mapping-->
<bean id="urlHandlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props><!—Controller的URL会被配置成"cat.mvc"-->
<prop key="cat.mvc">catController</prop>
<props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="catController" class="com.clf.spring.CatController">
<property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml,
/WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet><!-- spring分发器-->
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/spring-action.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!-- 启动时加载-->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name> spring</servlet-name>
<url>*.mvc</url>
</servlet-mapping>
如果一个Controller要处理多个业务逻辑,可以使用MultiActionController,相当于Struts 1中的DispatchAction,能根据某个参数将不同的请求分发到不同的方法上。
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController; public class CatController extends AbstractController{ private ICatService catService; //setter、getter略 protected ModelAndView add(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ …… returnnew ModelAndView("cat/addCat"); } protected ModelAndView list(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{ List<Cat> catList =catService.listCat(); request.setAttribute("catList", catList); return new ModelAndView("cat/listCat"); } }
配置到spring-action.xml。
<bean id="paraMethodResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver"> <property name="paramName"> <value>action</value><!-- 配置分发参数--> </property> <property name="defaultMethodName"> <value>list</value><!-- 配置默认的执行方法--> </property> </bean> <bean id="urlHandlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandleMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="cat.mvc">catController</prop><!-- 访问"cat.mvc"则交给catController处理--> <prop key="catMulti.mvc">catMultiController</prop><!-- 访问"catMulti.mvc"则交给catMultiController处理--> <props> </property> </bean> <bean id="catController" class="com.clf.spring.CatMultiController"> <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> </bean> <bean id="catMultiController" class="com.clf.spring.CatController"> <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property> </bean>
原文出处:http://blog.csdn.net/u012152619/article/details/44300491
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/sdgf/p/4866171.html